Showing papers in "Enzyme and Microbial Technology in 2011"

TL;DR: The advances in support design and the deeper knowledge of the mechanisms of enzyme-support interactions have permitted exploration of the possibilities of the coupled use of site-directed mutagenesis and immobilization in a new way.

TL;DR: Of the phenol molecules tested, tannic acid was the single, most damaging aromatic compound that caused both deactivation and reversible loss (inhibition) of all of enzyme activities tested.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used lignin-free cellulose, Solka Floc, combined with mixtures of soluble components released during pretreatment of wood, to prove that the decrease in the rate and extent of cellulose hydrolysis is due to a combination of enzyme inhibition and deactivation.

TL;DR: The development of effective methods for immobilizing large multi-subunit proteins with multiple covalent linkages (multi-point immobilization) has been effective in stabilizing proteins where subunit dissociation is the initial step in enzyme inactivation.

TL;DR: This review summarizes the advances that have been made in developing technologies based on laccase-mediated coupling and grafting reactions for potential application in areas such as environmental pollution control, modification of lignocellulose materials, food industry, biosensors, textile industry, pharmaceutical industry, and in organic synthesis.

TL;DR: The low values of SED(CH), SED of a completely hornified substrate, obtained from curve fittings for the three sets of samples studied, suggest that enzyme accessibility to cellulose is mainly through the pores in the cell wall rather than substrate external surface.

TL;DR: A comparative study on a series of simple and oligomeric phenolics representing or mimicking the composition of lignin or its degradation products observed that oligomersic phenolic could exert more inhibition on enzymatic cellulolysis than simple phenolics.

TL;DR: The obtained results strongly support the idea of using cell-wall degrading enzymes as an effective means for recovering lycopene from tomato waste.

TL;DR: It was demonstrated that the medium hydrophilic nature of the support used for its commercial form (Lewatit VPOC1600) is a limitation in the field of heterogeneous catalysis, and optimal conditions for immobilization were a compromise between this immobilization yield, biocatalyst activity, reactor volume and total investments.

TL;DR: A novel enzyme-involved approach to improve the extraction of flavonoids from Ginkgo biloba is reported, in which the enzyme is employed not only for cell wall degradation, but also for increasing the solubility of target compounds in the ethanol-water extractant.

TL;DR: The results indicated that the heterologous expression of a beta-glucosidase gene in T. reesei might produce balanced cellulase preparation.

TL;DR: Recent advances in the development of electronic and bioelectronic noses and their biomedical applications are reviewed in this article.

TL;DR: Comparison of amino acid sequences and tertiary structures of CBM20 and CBM48 reveals the close relatedness of these SBDs and, in some cases, glycogen-binding domains (GBDs).

TL;DR: Results indicate that styrene-divinylbenzene supports may be promising alternatives as supports to immobilize CALB.

TL;DR: The white rot fungus Trametes hirsuta was capable of directly fermenting starch, wheat bran and rice straw to ethanol without acid or enzymatic hydrolysis and may represent a suitable microorganism in consolidated bioprocessing applications.

TL;DR: These strategies to prevent the relay of the AI-2 signal amongst pathogens, including Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Vibrio cholerae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are reviewed.

TL;DR: G. trabeum can be considered as a potential fungus for biological pretreatment, since it provides an effective process in breaking the wood structure, making it potentially useful in the development of combined pretreatments (biological-chemical).

TL;DR: Studying the influence of pH, working volume and shaking frequency on cell cultivation helped to identify the best conditions to obtain appropriate pellet morphologies of a wild type strain of Rhizopus oryzae to produce fumaric acid in batch fermentations under nitrogen-limited conditions with glucose as carbon source.

TL;DR: Through supplying the carbon sources to enhance denitrification and anaerobic phosphorus release, nitrite and FNA concentrations in the aerobic zone were reduced, and phosphorus removal was improved.

TL;DR: Results suggest that CHIT-CNT scaffolds can be successfully integrated with multiple support materials to create hybrid electrode materials, and preliminary tests indicate that the integrated scaffolds offer a robust macroporous electrode material that can be used in flow-through configurations.

TL;DR: The lAccase treatment reduced the binding of enzymes on modified spruce lignin, whereas with giant reed, the amount of bound proteins increased after laccase treatment, which will help to control the unspecific-binding of cellulases on lignocellulosic substrates.

TL;DR: The enzymatic coproduction of biodiesel and glycerol carbonate by the transesterification of soybean oil was studied using lipase as catalyst in organic solvent and the optimal conditions were 60 °C, 100 g/L Novozym 435, 6.0:1 molar ratio with tert-butanol as solvent.

TL;DR: It is suggested that rapeseed meal may be an alternative substrate for the efficient production of succinic acid by A. succinogenes without requiring nitrogen source supplementation.

TL;DR: These findings suggest that the pullulanase from T. neapolitana is the first thermostable type I pullULanase which has α-1,6-transferring activity.

TL;DR: The thraustochytrid strain tested produced similar amounts of oil and PUFA when grown with both types of glycerol, and results were also similar to those obtained using glucose.

TL;DR: In this article, the 4-coumarate:coenzyme A ligase gene (4CL1) from Arabidopsis thaliana and stilbene synthase gene from Arachis hypogaea were cloned and transformed into Saccharomyces cerevisiae W303-1A.

TL;DR: Wet disk milling may be a suitable pretreatment for producing substrates for enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated rice straw cultures and generating inexpensive carbon sources for cellulase production.

TL;DR: XRD spectra revealed calcite as the dominant phase in biomimetically produced calcium carbonate and FTIR spectra confirmed the adsorption of CA on chitosan-KOH beads following hydrophilic interactions.

TL;DR: It was found the alkali-PAA pulp showed excellent enzymatic digestibility and could be well converted to ethanol and xylose concentrations compared with dilute acid pretreated bagasse (DAPB).

TL;DR: This paper presents the use of a membrane-integrated reactor system with recycling of laccase and mediator for azo dye decolorization in batch mode with reuse of the enzyme and the cost was higher for the PEG-TEMPO than the other systems.