Showing papers in "Green Chemistry in 2021"

TL;DR: In this article, a review of cyclic carbonate synthesis is presented, with a focus on the relative and absolute stereochemical consequences of each mechanism and how this combined with other physical organic chemistry techniques can be used to distinguish between three main mechanistic classes: epoxide activation; carbon dioxide activation; and dual activation.

TL;DR: In this article, a review describes the recent advances in the design and development of catalytic systems for the conversion of biomass and their constituent carbohydrates to HMF via hydrolysis, isomerization and dehydration reactions, and the upgrading of HMF towards polymer monomers, fine chemicals, fuel precursors, fuel additives, liquid fuels, and other platform chemicals via hydrogenation, oxidation, esterification, etherification, amination and aldol condensation reactions, with emphasis on how the catalysts, solvents and reaction conditions determine the reaction pathway and product

TL;DR: In this paper, a pH-dependent reaction pathway is proposed, and the reaction mechanism (direct oxidation and indirect oxidation) is summarized systematically, which is also suitable for electrochemical oxidation of other small organic molecules containing aldehyde/alcohol groups (e.g., methanol, ethanol, glycerol, and glucose) to some extent.

TL;DR: A comprehensive overview of research status on the preparation and application of lignin-containing cellulose nanomaterials, focusing on recently developed green and low-cost preparation processes is provided in this article.

TL;DR: An electrochemical multicomponent reaction was established under catalyst-, chemical-oxidant-free and mild conditions, which provides an eco-friendly and simple protocol for constructing 4-selanyl pyrazoles as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this article, a tutorial review places this latter development in the current context of new and more sustainable material designs, and highlights the main types of biomass that have been examined using primarily homogeneous catalysis approaches.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the latest advances in light-driven H2O2 production by three kinds of semiconductor materials, i.e., homogeneous photocatalysts, heterogeneous photocATalysts and photoelectrochemical catalysts.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a new metric for the evaluation of analytical procedures based on the GAC attributes, which expands on the well-known green analytical procedure index by adding additional fields pertaining to the processes performed prior to the analytical procedure itself.

TL;DR: In this article, a review focusing on the recent progress in visible-light-mediated organic transformations in water, and related mechanisms are also discussed, and the review will facilitate the understanding of visible light mediated organic transformation in water and further stimulate the advancement of more novel relevant strategies.

TL;DR: The cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) reaction has been widely developed as one of the most sustainable and efficient synthesis strategies for constructing C-C bonds as mentioned in this paper, and a review summarizes the development of this field over the past 20 years, with a discussion on future trends and directions.

TL;DR: Low carbon biofuels and biochemicals production from renewable feedstock (waste) in a biorefinery approach.

TL;DR: Aryl radicals were generated for the first time from cheap and easily available aryl acyl peroxides in eco-friendly ethyl acetate under ambient conditions and visible-light illumination in the absence of any additive, metal catalyst, or external photosensitizer.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the rational structural engineering of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), including doping and heterojunction formation, for CO2 reduction reaction is presented.

TL;DR: In this article, a discussion of applications of sputtered nanostructures in various types of clean energy conversion reaction, covering the architecture/compositional design, controllable and green synthesis, reaction mechanism, and the electrochemical performances are reviewed.

TL;DR: In this paper, a third generation glucose biosensor was developed by using glucose oxidase (GOx) immobilised on mesoporous carbon nanostructures, which were produced from a 50% alcell lignin and 50% polylactic acid (PLA) precursor blend.

TL;DR: In this paper, the latest progress in the preparation and advanced applications of lignin-derived biodegradable film materials is summarized from a sustainability point of view, and potential development directions for sustainable and eco-friendly LBSM materials are also proposed.

TL;DR: In this paper, a metal-free photocatalytic strategy for the preparation of thiocyanated heterocycles from inexpensive NH4SCN has been developed using carbon nitride (g-C3N4) as a general heterogeneous catalyst in a green solvent under an air atmosphere and the irradiation of a blue LED.

TL;DR: This review summarizes the science and engineering applications of hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass and focuses on continuous-flow reactor systems, due to their value for future full-scale applications.

TL;DR: In this article, the status and insight into the recent progress made in catalytic transfer hydrogenation/hydrogenolysis on two important carbohydrate-derived furanic platform chemicals, furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, with focus on catalyst developments and mechanism explanations.

TL;DR: In this article, a review of existing life cycle assessment (LCA) and technoeconomic analysis (TEA) studies of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) is presented.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review of recent advances in the chemocatalytic conversion of biomass into chemicals and fuels over POMs and POM-metal composites is presented.

TL;DR: Bridging the gap between fundamental and application-driven research, this account offers critical insights as far as the potential of lignin as one of the frontrunners in the uptake of bioeconomy concepts and its application in value-added products is concerned.

TL;DR: In this article, a low-energy catalytic route for methanolysis to convert PET resin to dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) was developed, and the effects of cosolvents on the catalytic performance were investigated to develop a new decomposition pathway towards DMT at ambient temperature.

TL;DR: In this paper, a pathway in engineered Escherichia coli for the direct upcycling of PET derived monomer terephthalic acid into the value-added small molecule vanillin, a flavour compound ubiquitous in the food and cosmetic industries, was presented.

TL;DR: The entrapment of enzymes in organic, inorganic or biomaterials can yield active immobilized biocatalysts for chemical transformations without the need to form covalent bonds with the protein.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors assess the different depolymerization conditions for polyethylene terephthalate (PET) according to three proposed green chemistry metrics that allow us to compare the energy economy (e coefficient), the environmental factor (E), and the combined effect of both (ξ).

TL;DR: In this article, a safe, practical and eco-friendly method for the switchable synthesis of sulfoxides and sulfones through visible-light-initiated oxygenation of sulfides at ambient temperature under transition-metal-, additives-free and minimal solvent conditions was proposed.

TL;DR: In this paper, a ternary NiCoMn-layered double hydroxides (NiCoMmn-LDHs) nanosheets which are oxygen vacancy-rich, produced under controllable conditions for the electrooxidation of both 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) and furfural to furoic acid (FurAc) under mild conditions, respectively, were reported.

TL;DR: In this paper, a number of technologies for recycling spent lithium-ion batteries are overviewed, especially at different recycling stages to stepwise recover battery materials, and a guideline for implementing green chemistry principles into spent LIB recycling and stimulate further discussions on improving the green degree of the process.

TL;DR: In this article, a bio-based epoxy monomer (SA-GA-EP) from syringaldehyde, as well as a biobased curing agent (DIFFA) from furfurylamine was synthesized.