Showing papers in "Molecular Immunology in 2018"

TL;DR: Recent studies have unveiled the pivotal roles of mitochondria in initiation and regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, a multiprotein platform which is activated upon cellular infection or stress.

TL;DR: This extensive review details the advances in the bio-molecular characterisation of 20 allergenic proteins within the three distinct seafood groups; fish, crustacean and molluscs.

TL;DR: It is shown that DEX exerted a protective effect on LPS‐induced ALI rats likely through the HMGB1‐mediated TLR4/NF‐&kgr;B and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways.

TL;DR: Bone marrow stem cell derived exosomes can protect liver injury in an experimental model of autoimmune hepatitis and the mechanism could be related to exosomal miR‐223 regulation of NLRP3 and caspase‐1.

TL;DR: Curcumin may be a promising candidate drug in clinical application for IBD therapy through inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL‐1&bgr; production through inhibitory effect of curcumin on dextran sulfate sodium‐induced colitis in mice.

TL;DR: The Allergen Nomenclature database, which currently includes approximately 880 proteins from a wide variety of sources, maintains and revises the database, and addresses continuous challenges as new “omics” technologies provide increasing data about potential new allergens.

TL;DR: An overview of cases reporting allergy following insect ingestion, studies on food allergy to insects, proteins involved in insect allergy including cross-reactive proteins, and the possibility to alter the allergenic potential of insects by food processing and digestion is provided.

TL;DR: The administration of PFD reduced LPS‐induced lung inflammation and fibrosis by blocking NLRP3 inflammasome activation and subsequent IL‐1&bgr; secretion and indicated that PFD may offer a promising therapeutic approach for ARDS patients.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that FAO plays a key role in functional human M2 macrophages by enhancing IL‐1&bgr; secretion to promote HCC cell migration and help treat HCC by reprogramming cell metabolism or modulating tumor microenvironment.

TL;DR: The majority of tree nut allergens belongs to the families of 2S albumins, vicilins, legumins, and nsLTPs, which describes their physicochemical and immunological characterization and clinical relevance.

TL;DR: The progress in study on relationship between lncRNA and inflammatory diseases is overviewed with a focus on the development and progression of inflammatory diseases.

TL;DR: Specific characteristics and molecular pattern contributing to a stabilized protein structure and overall allergenicity are highlighted in the current review article.

TL;DR: A H19‐miR130b pathway in regulating lipid metabolism and inflammation response in ox‐LDL‐treated Raw264.7 cells is indicated, providing new targets for AS treatment.

TL;DR: This review provides a comprehensive overview of the newly identified roles for complement in the brain, including its roles in CNS development and function, during aging and in the processes of neurodegeneration.

TL;DR: The results suggest that these EPSs or a yogurt fermented with LDR‐1 have potential to improve intestinal innate antiviral response and protect against intestinal viruses.

TL;DR: The indications which are in the drug development ‘spotlight’ and the relevant indication validation criteria are discussed and the successes and challenges associated with therapeutic modulation of complement in these indications are described.

TL;DR: It is suggested that upregulated plasma circRNA_002453 level in LN patients is associated with the severity of renal involvement and may also serve as a potential biomarker for LN patient diagnosis.

TL;DR: It is found that genes upregulated in HPV+ HNSCC are enriched in immune‐associated processes, and the up‐regulated gene sets were validated by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that PMBA can inhibit M1 transformation and promote M2 transformation of microglia, thus attenuating the production of inflammatory mediators and cytokines and is a possible therapeutic candidate for diseases such as ischemic stroke, where inflammation is a central hallmark.

TL;DR: Results demonstrated the anti‐inflammatory function of miR‐21 in vitro and in vivo, indicating miR-21 could be an interventional target for the control of periodontitis.

TL;DR: An overview of the blood‐brain barrier and the complement system, how they intersect and interact with each other to maintain brain homeostasis are provided.

TL;DR: The current state of the art in nanobody discovery is summarized, which can further boost the diverse applications of nanobodies in biomedicine and biotechnology.

TL;DR: M mammalian and avian meat allergy is reviewed with an emphasis on the molecular allergens and pathways that contribute to disease, as well as the role of in vitro IgE testing in diagnosis and management.

TL;DR: Although particles of approximately 5–10&mgr;m in diameter may be considered the optimal size of an aAPC for ex vivo cellular expansion, nanoscale aAPCs have demonstrated superior in vivo pharmacokinetic properties and are more suitable for systemic injection.

TL;DR: The role of autophagy, a major intracellular degradation system that delivers cytoplasmic constituents to lysosomes in both MHC class I and II‐restricted antigen presentation, is discussed and the new term “Type 2 cross‐presentation” (CP2) is proposed to define the autophagic‐dependent processes leading to MHC II‐ restricted presentation of intrACEllular antigens by professional antigen presenting cells.

TL;DR: Overall, GM1 may afford a protective intervention in HACE by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammatory response via activating the PI3K/AKT‐Nrf2 pathway, implying a promising agent for the treatment of HACE.

TL;DR: This review mainly focusses on the multifaceted roles of properdin in inflammation and diseases, and how understanding these roles is contributing to the development of new disease therapies.

TL;DR: It is suggested that EVs could be harnessed as tools for drug delivery or targets for RA therapies, and sheds light on the pathogenic as well as anti‐inflammatory or immunosuppressive roles of EVs.

TL;DR: It is suggested that celastrol may protect against HG‐induced podocyte injury, inflammation and insulin resistance by restoring HO‐1‐mediated autophagy pathway, implying a promising therapeutic strategy against DN.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that ROS/TXNIP/Nlrp3 Inflammasome pathway is a key initiating mechanism necessary for P.g‐LPS‐induced subsequent mPDLFs inflammatory response leading to chronic periodontitis.