Showing papers in "Neuron in 1998"

TL;DR: It is shown that protons decrease the temperature threshold for VR1 activation such that even moderately acidic conditions (pH < or = 5.9) activate VR1 at room temperature, and VR1 can be viewed as a molecular integrator of chemical and physical stimuli that elicit pain.

TL;DR: This work was supported by a grant from the European Commission BIOMED2 (BMH4-CT96-0656) and has been endorsed by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in clinical practice.

TL;DR: Overlapping regional networks in parietal, frontal, and temporal lobes were active in both tasks, consistent with the hypothesis that attentional and oculomotor processes are tightly integrated at the neural level.

TL;DR: The findings suggest that a CREB family member acts cooperatively with an additional transcription factor(s) to regulate BDNF transcription, and concludes that the BDNF gene is aCREB family target whose protein product functions at synapses to control adaptive neuronal responses.

TL;DR: FMRI results provide further evidence for the conservation of amygdala function across species and implicate an amygdalar contribution to both acquisition and extinction processes during associative emotional learning tasks.

TL;DR: The problems of cognitive neuroscience—the problems of perception, action, memory, attention, and consciousness on an intellectually satisfying biological level—offer the most difficult and the greatest challenge for the next millennium.

TL;DR: The results obtained allowed us to assess the importance of knowing the carrier and removal status of canine coronavirus, as a source of infection for other animals, not necessarily belonging to the same breeds.

TL;DR: This is publication number 11130-NP from The Scripps Research Institute and research was supported by National Institutes of Health grants DA04043, DA04398, and DA08467.

TL;DR: The existence of temporal correlations between hippocampal ripples and cortical spindles that are also reflected in the correlated activity of single neurons within these brain structures are demonstrated and may constitute an important mechanism of cortico-hippocampal communication during sleep.

TL;DR: Video recordings from hippocampal neurons expressing actin tagged with GFP-actin revealed large actin-dependent changes in dendritic spine shape, similar to those inferred from previous studies using fixed tissues, suggesting that anatomical plasticity at synapses can be extremely rapid.

TL;DR: Differential responses of the amygdalae were best characterized by a time by stimulus interaction indicating a rapid adaptation of CS+-specific responses in this region.

TL;DR: The mouse cDNA of a third mammalian homolog of the Drosophila period gene is cloned and characterized, highlighting the differential light responses among the three mammalian Per genes in the SCN and raising the possibility of circadian oscillators in mammals outside of brain and retina.

TL;DR: It is reported that extracellular signal-related protein kinase (ERK) signaling is obligatory for Ca2+-stimulated transcription in PC12 cells and hippocampal neurons and suggests that the activation of CREB by ERK plays a critical role in the formation of long lasting neuronal plasticity.

TL;DR: This work presents evidence that Homer proteins form a physical tether linking mGluRs with the inositol trisphosphate receptors (IP3R), and identifies a novel mechanism in calcium signaling and provides evidence that an IEG, whose expression is driven by synaptic activity, can directly modify a specific synaptic function.

TL;DR: Results suggest that CRFR1 plays an important role both in the development of a functional HPA axis and in mediating behavioral changes associated with anxiety.

TL;DR: This minireview has discussed new data highlighting the distinct properties of subsets of nociceptors that in turn raise questions regarding their functional roles, and suggested that GDNF or related molecules may also offer an important target in the development of novel analgesic therapies.

TL;DR: The PH gene is identified as filamin 1 (FLN1), which encodes an actin-cross-linking phosphoprotein that transduces ligand-receptor binding into actin reorganization, and which is required for locomotion of many cell types.

TL;DR: The results indicate that regions in both hemispheres underlie human long-term memory encoding, and these regions can be engaged differentially according to the nature of the material being encoded.

TL;DR: The number and variability of synaptic AMPA receptors in the rat hippocampus are determined using quantitative immunogold localization and it is estimated that the AMPA receptor content of C/A synapses on CA3 pyramidal spines ranges from <3 to 140.

TL;DR: It is reported that high frequency activation of the perforant path projections to the dentate gyrus causes newly synthesized mRNA for the immediate-early gene (IEG) Arc to localize selectively in activated dendritic segments.

TL;DR: The finding that leptin activates CART/POMC neurons innervating sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the thoracic spinal cord suggests that this pathway may contribute to the increased thermogenesis and energy expenditure and decreased body weight observed following leptin administration.

TL;DR: The cytoplasmic abundance of p53 was increased in postmitotic neurons in m-/p+ mice and in AS, providing a potential biochemical basis for the phenotype through failure to ubiquitinate and degrade various effectors.

TL;DR: Responses during rivalry were equal in magnitude to those evoked by nonrivalrous stimulus alternation, suggesting that activity in the FFA and PPA reflects the perceived rather than the retinal stimulus, and that neural competition during binocular rivalry has been resolved by these stages of visual processing.

TL;DR: This work was supported by National Institute on Aging AG08441 and the Human Frontiers Science Foundation.

TL;DR: These data and those of Fode et al. (1998 [this issue of Neuron]) identify ngns as vertebrate neuronal determination genes, analogous to myoD and myf5 in myogenesis.

TL;DR: High-field (3T) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to label cortical activity due to visual spatial attention, relative to flattened cortical maps of the retinotopy and visual areas from the same human subjects.

TL;DR: It is reported here that inhibition of excitatory synaptic transmission in cultured spinal neurons leads to an increase in mEPSC amplitudes, accompanied by an equivalent increase in the accumulation of AMPA receptors at synapses, suggesting that synaptic activity modulates the size of the mEpsC by regulating the turnover of postsynaptic AmPA receptors.

TL;DR: It is found that induction of chem-LTD produces a persistent dephosphorylation of the GluR1 subunit of AMPA receptors at serine 845, a cAMP-dependent Protein kinase C (PKC) and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII).

TL;DR: These mechanisms, which implicate CaM kinase IV and CREB in the control of BDNF expression, are likely to be centrally involved in activity-dependent plasticity during development.

TL;DR: It is shown that oligodendrocytes and their precursors in the developing rat optic nerve express Notch1 receptors and, at the same time, retinal ganglion cells express Jagged1, a ligand of the NotCh1 receptor, along their axons.