Showing papers in "Peptides in 1985"

TL;DR: The localization of the GA-like immunoreactivity in the locus coeruleus suggests a partial coexistence with catecholaminergic neurons as well as a possible involvement of theGA-like peptide in a neuroregulatory role.

TL;DR: The first sequence-related competitive inhibitors of the classic kinin in vitro (rat uterus guinea pig ileum) and in vivo (rat blood pressure) assays have been developed.

TL;DR: It can only be conjectured that CGRP has a neuroregulatory action on a variety of functions throughout the brain and spinal cord.

TL;DR: Results suggest that hypothalamic receptors sensitive to PYY and NPY may participate in the control of carbohydrate consumption, with little or no effect on protein or fat consumption.

TL;DR: It is suggested that CGRP, like substance P, may have a neuromodulatory role on nociception and peripheral cardiovascular reflexes.

TL;DR: The arcuate nucleus surrounds the ventral part of the third ventricle and contains densely packed small neurons with 1-3 dendrites that communicate primarily with the pituitary gland, hypothalamus, limbic system, midbrain periaqueductal gray and autonomic nuclei of the brain stem.

TL;DR: Evidence has been presented which indicates that NPY may play important roles in regulating autonomic function, and the peptide coexists with catecholamines in the central and sympathetic nervous system and adrenal medulla.

TL;DR: NPY is added to the growing list of peptidergic agents which may affect the endocrine pancreas by acting as neurotransmitters and/or neuromodulators while the central action of NPY indirectly results in an increase in plasma insulin.

TL;DR: The results suggest the existence of a specific substance P receptor on human monocytes which directs this chemotactic response to SP and the ability of monocytes to respond chemotactically to SP may be relevant to the enhancing effects of SP in arthritis or other inflammatory diseases.

TL;DR: Healthy young volunteers ingested one liter of cows' milk and the contents of the small intestine were aspirated through an intestinal tube at various times and assayed for the presence of bovine beta-casomorphin immunoreactive materials to suggest a regulatory influence of beta-Casomorphins as "food hormones" on intestinal functions.

TL;DR: A number of considerations in oligonucleotide probe design are described, including unique probe design from cDNA sequences and mixed Probe design from protein primary structure data, and the special considerations of specificity controls are addressed.

TL;DR: The distribution of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the central nervous system of the frog Rana ridibunda was determined by immunofluorescence using a highly specific antiserum and revealed that infundibulum, preoptic area and telencephalon extracts contained a major peptide bearing NPY-like immunoreactivity.

TL;DR: It is shown that CRF can produce behavioral activation in rats independently of its effects on releasing hormones from the pituitary gland, and concomitant daily supplements of rat growth hormone, thyroxine, and corticosterone eliminated locomotor activity differences between the two groups.

TL;DR: The discrete distribution of C GRP-like binding sites in a variety of sensory systems of the brain and spinal cord as well as in thalamic and hypothalamic areas suggests a widespread involvement of CGRP in a range of brain functions.

TL;DR: The ultrastructural appearance of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) immunoreactive elements was studied in the medial preoptic area of adult male Fischer 344 rats to determine the distribution and morphology of innervation of the LHRH neuron.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the primary afferent neurons of the nucleus and tractus spinalis of the trigeminal nerve are richly endowed with a number of peptides some of which are sensitive to capsaicin action.

TL;DR: The skin of the neotropical hylid frogs belonging to the subfamily Phyllomedusinae is a formidable factory and store-house of a variety of active peptides belonging to seven distinct families.

TL;DR: Findings indicate that oxytocin in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus may act as a regulator of vagally-mediated gastric and cardiovascular functions while TRH effects, in this medullary area, seem limited to the regulation of gastric function.

TL;DR: Vasoactive intestinal peptide-like immunofluorescence was observed in 3-5% of the neurons in 4 week old dissociated cultures from fetal mouse spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion, suggesting that VIP influences cholinergic neurons.

TL;DR: NPY seems to exert a selective effect on LH release, and it might be hypothesized that NPY could affect LHRH release in two areas which lack blood-brain barrier: the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT) which contains LHRh cell bodies and NPY fibers and the median eminence which contains both L HRH andNPY fibers.

TL;DR: High performance liquid chromatography and radioimmunoassay of brain tissue samples revealed that there is more than one form of CRF-like immunoreactivity present and indirect evidence that there exists at least one peptide in the rat brain, prominent in the medulla and the spinal cord, which cross reacts with antisera directed to ovine CRF only.

TL;DR: The widespread distribution in the brain suggests involvement of CGRP in a variety of behavioral functions, and this results coincide with those previously obtained by immunohistochemistry.

TL;DR: Lesions of three target sites were performed in rats to test the hypothesis that structures postsynaptic to the NTS mediate the behavioral syndrome induced by CCK, and the PVN appears to be one critical forebrain target site for mediating the actions of CCK on feeding.

TL;DR: It is reported here that presumed neural disconnection of the gastrointestinal tract from the brain blocked the reduction of food intake by exogenous bombesin at a test meal in rats.

TL;DR: Evidence is presented that the predicted C-flanking peptide of NPY is widely distributed in both the central and peripheral nervous systems of several mammalian species including man, and has an identical distribution to NPY.

TL;DR: A new high titer, highly specific antiserum for luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH), and its usefulness for radioimmunoassay (RIA) and immunocytochemistry is demonstrated and localized LHRH-containing neurons in the medial basal hypothalamus of the rhesus monkey, guinea pig, and rat are localized.

TL;DR: The histochemical results suggest that SP and CRF coexist within a subpopulation of ntdl cholinergic neurons that project to a number of forebrain regions including the MFC, and one possible functional significance of the coexistence of SP, CRF, and acetylcholinesterase appears to be a modulatory potentiation ofCholinergic response by SP, and a modulation inhibition of the cholinergic response by CRF.

TL;DR: A role for NPY in central cardiovascular control is suggested by the finding that prior injection of an ineffective dose of AVP reduced the hypotensive response to 4.7 pmol NPY, and by the demonstration of contrasting effects in AVP-deficient Brattleboro rats compared to parent strain LE rats.

TL;DR: Findings indicate a sensory function for most of the CGRP-immunoreactive nerves in the rat urogenital tract.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that TRH, unlike the other hypothalamic releasing factors CRF or GRF, is able to act within the brain to cause the formation of gastric erosions probably through mechanisms involving changes in gastric acid secretion.