Showing papers in "The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice in 2014"

TL;DR: A high blood eosinophil count is a risk factor for increased future asthma exacerbations and excessive short-acting β2-agonist use after adjustment of potential confounders in adults with persistent asthma, which suggests a higher disease burden in patients with asthma and with highBlood eosInophil counts.

TL;DR: Clusters with a high prevalence of early onset atopic asthma have been frequently reported in statistical phenotyping studies, but the various clusters of patients with atopy were quite heterogeneous in terms of symptom severity, pulmonary function, and tendency for exacerbations.

TL;DR: Results from recent pooled data from randomized clinical trials and from a large prospective cohort study provide reassurance about the long-term safety of omalizumab.

TL;DR: The recommendation is that children with severe asthma be treated with higher-dose inhaled or oral corticosteroids combined with long-acting β-agonists and other add-on therapies, such as antileukotrienes and methylxanthines.

TL;DR: Although intrinsic and extrinsic atopic dermatitis subtypes share a common clinical phenotype, they show some important differences in their Th22/Th17 cytokine profile, which opens the door for personalized specific therapeutics for each disease category.

TL;DR: Low asthma control was more frequent among subjects with severe asthma, and only a minority had access to specialist care, suggesting there is room for optimizing asthma management, particularly among patients with severe disease.

TL;DR: Although SR rates have remained stable and fatalities appear to be declining, continued vigilance regarding SCIT safety is recommended and additional surveillance and study regarding methods to decrease the risk of severe SRs is warranted.

TL;DR: Omalizumab is statistically significantly associated with symptom relief, decreased rescue medication use, and improvement of quality of life in patients with inadequately controlled allergic rhinosinusitis.

TL;DR: Hypersensitivity reactions to β- lactam and non-β-lactam antibiotics are commonly reported and can be classified as immediate or nonimmediate according to the time interval between the last drug administration and their onset.

TL;DR: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were implicated in most cases of anaphylaxis induced by drugs, and IgE-mediated reactions were less frequent but more severe, and adrenaline is underused.

TL;DR: Developing and emerging clinical asthma phenotypes that are associated with environmental exposures, including allergic asthma, intrinsic or nonallergic asthma, infectious asthma, and aspirin-exacerbated asthma are focused on.

TL;DR: Observations about the frequency of epinephrine-treated reactions during peanut oral immunotherapy in 5 different allergy/immunology practices suggest that peanut oral Immunotherapy may be a suitable therapy for patients managed by qualified allergists/IMmunologists.

TL;DR: There are patients with persistent B-cell dysfunction long after rituximab treatment was discontinued, and these patients should be distinguished from patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases.

TL;DR: Inpatient providers have drug allergy knowledge deficits but are interested in tools to help them care for inpatients with drug allergies, and an educational initiative and hospital guideline implementation were associated with increased PCN allergy knowledge in several crucial areas.

TL;DR: The Pittsburgh Vocal Cord Dysfunction Index is proposed as a simple, valid, and easy-to-use tool for diagnosing vocal cord dysfunction and may have significant clinical utility by facilitating a timely and accurate diagnosis of vocal cords dysfunction, thereby preventing misdiagnosis and mistreatment as asthma.

TL;DR: Avoidance of asthma triggers may reduce exacerbation rates and improve asthma-related QoL in patients with severe or difficult-to-treat asthma.

TL;DR: Understanding of how drugs interact with the major histocompatibility complex has contributed to the discovery of new models that have provided considerable insights into the immunopathogenesis of severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions and other T-cell-mediated drug hypersensitivity syndromes.

TL;DR: Only a small number of patients with DIA received epinephrine in the ED or had subsequent care with an allergist/immunologist in the 1 year after the ED visit and/or hospitalization for DIA.

TL;DR: Host and environmental factors, common pathogens, clinical characteristic, and genetic influences associated with infection-related asthma are discussed.

TL;DR: In the limited number of randomized, head-to-head studies, SCIT has more often provided greater clinical and immunologic responses than SLIT, however, well-defined effective doses by the 2 routes are urgently needed.

TL;DR: OXS is common with much similarity to other platin agents but also have distinct differences in the onset of hypersensitivity, sex, tumor type, drug- induced hemolytic anemia, and drug-induced thrombocytopenia.

TL;DR: Maternal home second-hand smoke exposure during pregnancy is associated with incident physician-diagnosed childhood asthma, even if the mother does not smoke actively during pregnancy.

TL;DR: Patients who receive allergen immunotherapy (AIT) for AR, compared with those who do not, have a 3to 6-fold decreased risk of developing asthma and a decreased reliance on the use of symptomatic drug treatments.

TL;DR: Although many of the immunopathologic features of nonallergic asthma are similar to those observed with allergic asthma, some differences have been described, including a higher expression of RANTES in mucosa and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, as well as a higher GM-CSF receptor alpha expression.

TL;DR: Key characteristics that distinguish the childhood asthma-predictive phenotype include the following: male sex; a history of wheezing, with lower respiratory tract infections; history of parental asthma;history of atopic dermatitis; eosinophilia; early sensitization to food or aeroallergens; or lower lung function in early life.

TL;DR: Most patients with carboplatin HSR were not rechallenged, whereas most patients with Taxol H SR were successfully rechallenging; the patients with a severe HSR to Taxol were less likely to be re Challenged.

TL;DR: The case of a patient at high risk and with cutaneous mastocytosis, whose symptoms improved with concomitant administration of omalizumab and venom immunotherapy is reported.

TL;DR: It is concluded that sensitivity to any of the 11 food and drug additives occurs in fewer than 1% of patients with CIU, and avoidance is not recommended.

TL;DR: This case series documents the clinical courses of 3 patients with elevated IgE to alpha-gal who required porcine or bovine valve replacement who all were tolerating valve replacement.