Showing papers in "Ultramicroscopy in 2000"

TL;DR: An approach is presented for the application of single-particle methods to helical filaments that surmounts many of the difficulties of helical image analysis, including indexing, unbending and the need to find long helically symmetric filament segments.

TL;DR: In this article, a microfabricated silicon cantilever array is used to detect analyte vapors using a beam-deflection technique using a time multiplexing scheme.

TL;DR: An AFM probe with integrated piezoresistive read-out has been developed and applied as a cantilever-based environmental sensor and has been successfully implemented in gaseous as well as in liquid experiments.

TL;DR: A comparison between the AFM and the CLSM images revealed that the elasticity of the cells was concerned not only with the distribution of actin network, but also with intermediate filaments, whereas microtubules had no large effect on the measured elasticity.

TL;DR: The reconstruction shows for the first time details down to 60 nm size inside a frozen-hydrated biological specimen and conveys a clear impression of the internal structures.

TL;DR: The use of surface stress-based sensors as bio-chemical sensors was investigated and the surface stress resulting from surface induced conformational changes in protein was monitored, providing experimental evidence of long time-scale surface processes.

TL;DR: The evaluation of the required accuracy for the compensation of the various residual aberrations in order to achieve a resolution in the sub-Angstrom regime with a probe-forming system.

TL;DR: A new technique for forming quantitative phase and amplitude electron images applicable to a conventional transmission electron microscope is presented with magnetised cobalt microstructures used as a test object and quantitative agreement of the phase shift imposed on the 200 keV electrons passing through the sample is obtained.

TL;DR: Algorithms for the analysis of force-distance cycles, to quantify interaction forces between tip and probe and on direct tip-probe interactions and on unbinding events of cadherins which are bound via PEG-spacers to the AFM-tip and to the probe are described.

TL;DR: It is concluded that modified AFM can be used to evaluate intermolecular events in living cells and that this approach will ensure general application to the study of receptor-ligand interactions under truly physiological conditions.

TL;DR: These images provide the first physical evidence of differences in the effect of cellulase components action on the surface of cotton fibers and provide evidence for the movement or tracking of CBH I along the fibers.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compare blind reconstruction results to those obtained by scanning electron microscopy for two diamond stylus profiler tips, one of which has a gentle shape and the other a more complicated profile.

TL;DR: A surface-micromachined micro-electro-mechanical-system (MEMS) process has been used to demonstrate multiple-input chemical sensing using selectively coated cantilever arrays.

TL;DR: The fabrication scenario presented in this article allows for the production of different sensors with the same tip deflection piezoresistive detection scheme, which enables surface topography measurements with a resolution of 0.1 nm.

TL;DR: It is shown that the kinematical theory of fluctuation microscopy for a disordered specimen can be reformulated in terms of an atom pair-pair correlation function, which reveals the correlation length and structure for a simple paracrystalline model.

TL;DR: The experimental results suggest that the sensitivity of cells to the cantilever disruptive effect is dependent on cell type and that there are patterns observed in the changes of cell morphology induced by the cantilesver force in these two cell lines.

TL;DR: Phase-contrast imaging in the tapping mode atomic force microscopy is capable of providing superior information about surface characteristics when compared to the standard topographic imaging.

TL;DR: A model has been developed to compute the ion trajectories in 3D near a sharp hemispherical electrode defined at the atomic scale and the predicted order of evaporation provided by this model is in excellent agreement with experiments.

TL;DR: The paper presents several methods to extract the Fourier coefficients needed for a 3-D reconstruction and reminds us that the problem can be treated by considering the curvature of the Ewald sphere or equivalently by considering that different layers within the structure are imaged with different amounts of defocus.

TL;DR: The present study shows that Rietveld analysis on electron powder data is a good compliment to the existing methods for accurate structural investigations on nanocrystalline materials and thin films.

TL;DR: The experimental dependence of the amplitude on the average tip-sample distance has been studied to understand the operation of an atomic force microscope with an amplitude modulation feedback to associate the features observed in the amplitude curves with the tip- sample interaction force.

TL;DR: The modulation transfer function, noise transfer function and detection quantum efficiency of both 1k2 and 2k2 cameras attached to the same 300 kV FEGTEM have been measured and the results show that both the MTF and the DQE of the 2K2 camera are lower than for the1k2 camera at frequencies above a third of the Nyquist limit.

TL;DR: Energy filtered convergent beam electron diffraction (CBED) was used to investigate localised strain in aluminium interconnects and showed that the main source of the observed strains is the difference in thermal expansion coefficients.

TL;DR: A simple procedure that drastically enhances the successful imaging of the surface of intact cells by TMAFM is described, based on the observation of a deflection signal, concomitant with the damping of the amplitude that can be followed by amplitude-distance curves.

TL;DR: A monochromator consisting of a short (4 mm) fringe field Wien filter and a 150 nm energy selection slit (nanoslit) both to be incorporated in the gun area of the microscope to lower the energy width of the source to 50 meV without unnecessary loss of brightness.

TL;DR: The material response to nano- and femtosecond laser pulses was found to be very different, and was dominated by thermo/chemocapillary flow and chemical reactions in the case of nanosecond pulses, and by mechanical deformations and non-thermal electron emission after a femTosecond pulse.

TL;DR: The model is successfully extended to the intriguing case of negative tip formation which initiates in a normal, positive tip structure and is found to be independent of etchant composition and temperature.

TL;DR: A program that allows the simulation of energy-loss near edge structure (ELNES) as an extension to the WIEN97 package, and allows the investigation of anisotropic effects in ELNES from crystal structures.

TL;DR: It is shown that the thermal fluctuations of very soft mechanical oscillators, such as the cantilever in an atomic force microscope (AFM), can be reduced without changing the stiffness of the spring or having to lower the environment temperature.

TL;DR: The experimental results show that within the wave inelastically scattered at aluminium plasmons there is in fact an area of about 10 nm diameter with coherence sufficient to take electron holograms.