Journal ArticleDOI
A review of Alfvén eigenmode observations in toroidal plasmas
TLDR
In toroidal magnetically confined plasmas, eigenmodes of Alfven waves can be destablized by energetic ions with velocities comparable to the Alfven velocity as discussed by the authors.Abstract:
In toroidal magnetically confined plasmas, eigenmodes of Alfven waves can be destablized by energetic ions with velocities comparable to the Alfven velocity. With the advent of tokamak experiments in which populations of energetic ions can be introduced by neutral beam injection, radio frequency wave heating or by fusion reactions, major advances have been made in Alfven eigenmode research in the past 10 years. After introducing the basic concepts on the Alfven eigenmode instability, data on this subject from various toroidal devices are described, emphasizing the interplay between experiment and theory. Experimental results on mode identification, instability drive, mode damping and saturation, and energetic ion redistribution are compared with theory.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Chapter 5: Physics of energetic ions
Ambrogio Fasoli,C. Gormenzano,Herbert L Berk,Boris Breizman,Sergio Briguglio,D. S. Darrow,Nikolai Gorelenkov,W. W. Heidbrink,A. Jaun,Sergey Konovalov,Raffi Nazikian,J.-M. Noterdaeme,S. E. Sharapov,Kouji Shinohara,Duccio Testa,Kenji Tobita,Yasushi Todo,Gregorio Vlad,Fulvio Zonca +18 more
TL;DR: A review of the progress accomplished since the redaction of the first ITER Physics Basis (1999 Nucl Fusion 39 2137-664) in the field of energetic ion physics and its possible impact on burning plasma regimes is presented in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Basic physics of Alfvén instabilities driven by energetic particles in toroidally confined plasmasa)
TL;DR: Alfven wave instability in toroidally confined plasmas is studied in this paper, where the authors identify three types of Alfven wave instabilities: frequency crossings of counterpropagating waves, extremum of the continuous spectrum, and reversed shear Alfven eigenmode.
Journal ArticleDOI
Physics of Alfvén waves and energetic particles in burning plasmas
Liu Chen,Fulvio Zonca +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the interactions of these energetic particles with linear and nonlinear Alfve'n waves generated in the magnetized plasma are reviewed, and the interaction of the alpha particles produced in the nuclear reactions is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Physics of magnetically confined plasmas
TL;DR: The physics of magnetically confined plasmas has had much of its development as part of the program to develop fusion energy and is an important element in the study of space and astrophysical Plasmas as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Energetic particle physics in fusion research in preparation for burning plasma experiments
TL;DR: A broad review of the progress that has been made in EP physics in tokamaks and spherical tori since the first DT experiments on TFTR and JET (Joint European Torus), including stellarator/helical devices is given in this article.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of E×B velocity shear and magnetic shear on turbulence and transport in magnetic confinement devices
TL;DR: The ExB shear stabilization model was originally developed to explain the transport barrier formed at the plasma edge in tokamaks after the L (low) to H (high) transition as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
A new look at density limits in tokamaks
TL;DR: In this article, it is shown that this limit may be caused by a dramatic deterioration in core particle confinement occurring as the density limit boundary is approached, which can help explain the disruptions and Marfes that are associated with density limit.
Journal ArticleDOI
Low-n shear Alfven spectra in axisymmetric toroidal plasmas
Chio-Zong Cheng,M. S. Chance +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown both analytically and numerically that the toroidicity not only breaks up the shear Alfven continuous spectrum, but also creates new discrete toroidic induced shear eigenmodes with frequencies inside the continuum gaps.
Journal ArticleDOI
Kinetic processes in plasma heating by resonant mode conversion of Alfvén wave
Akira Hasegawa,Liu Chen +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, an externally applied oscillating magnetic field (at a frequency near 1 MHz for typical tokamak parameters) resonantly mode converts to the kinetic Alfven wave, the wave with the perpendicular wavelength comparable to the ion gyroradius.
Journal ArticleDOI
Direct observation of standing wave formation at surface steps using scanning tunneling spectroscopy.
Yukio Hasegawa,Phaedon Avouris +1 more
TL;DR: From the periods, peak positions, and intensities of the standing waves, the energy dispersion of the surface states, the scattering phase shifts as a function of energy and crystallography direction, and coherence length could be determined.