An integrated modeling study on the effects of mineral dust and sea salt particles on clouds and precipitation
Stavros Solomos,George Kallos,Jonilda Kushta,Marina Astitha,Marina Astitha,Craig J. Tremback,Athanasios Nenes,Zev Levin +7 more
TLDR
In this paper, the effects of pollution on the development of precipitation in clean ("pristine") and polluted ("hazy") environments in the Eastern Mediterranean by using the Integrated Community Limited Area Modeling System (ICLAMS) was investigated.Abstract:
. This report addresses the effects of pollution on the development of precipitation in clean ("pristine") and polluted ("hazy") environments in the Eastern Mediterranean by using the Integrated Community Limited Area Modeling System (ICLAMS) (an extended version of the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System, RAMS). The use of this model allows one to investigate the interactions of the aerosols with cloud development. The simulations show that the onset of precipitation in hazy clouds is delayed compared to pristine conditions. Adding small concentrations of GCCN to polluted clouds promotes early-stage rain. The addition of GCCN to pristine clouds has no effect on precipitation amounts. Topography was found to be more important for the distribution of precipitation than aerosol properties. Increasing by 15% the concentration of hygroscopic dust particles for a case study over the Eastern Mediterranean resulted in more vigorous convection and more intense updrafts. The clouds that were formed extended about three kilometers higher, delaying the initiation of precipitation by one hour. Prognostic treatment of the aerosol concentrations in the explicit cloud droplet nucleation scheme of the model, improved the model performance for the twenty-four hour accumulated precipitation. The spatial distribution and the amounts of precipitation were found to vary greatly between the different aerosol scenarios. These results indicate the large uncertainty that remains and the need for more accurate description of aerosol feedbacks in atmospheric models and climate change predictions.read more
Citations
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The global distribution of mineral dust and its impacts on the climate system: A review
Journal ArticleDOI
Mineral dust aerosols over the Sahara: Meteorological controls on emission and transport and implications for modeling
Peter Knippertz,Martin C. Todd +1 more
TL;DR: The work in this article summarizes recent progress on monitoring and analyzing the dust distribution over the Sahara and discusses implications for numerical modeling, including better quantification of the relative importance of single processes and a more realistic representation of the effects of the smaller-scale meteorological features in dust models.
Journal ArticleDOI
A review of operational, regional-scale, chemical weather forecasting models in Europe
Jaakko Kukkonen,Taru Olsson,Taru Olsson,David M. Schultz,David M. Schultz,David M. Schultz,Alexander Baklanov,T. Klein,Ana Isabel Miranda,Alexandra Monteiro,Marcus Hirtl,V. Tarvainen,Michael Boy,Vincent-Henri Peuch,Anastasia Poupkou,Ioannis Kioutsioukis,Sandro Finardi,Mikhail Sofiev,Ranjeet S. Sokhi,Kari E. J. Lehtinen,Kari E. J. Lehtinen,Kostas Karatzas,R. San José,Marina Astitha,George Kallos,Martijn Schaap,E. Reimer,Hermann Jakobs,Kryštof Eben +28 more
TL;DR: In this article, chemical weather forecasting models are described and compared on regional and continental scales in Europe, and the most prominent gaps of knowledge are highlighted for the following selected focus areas: emission inventories, the integration of numerical weather prediction and atmospheric chemical transport models, boundary conditions and nesting of models, data assimilation of the various chemical species, improved understanding and parameterization of physical processes, better evaluation of models against data and the construction of model ensembles.
Journal ArticleDOI
Online coupled regional meteorology chemistry models in Europe: current status and prospects
Alexander Baklanov,Katharina Heinke Schlünzen,Peter Suppan,José María Baldasano,Dominik Brunner,Sebnem Aksoyoglu,Greg Carmichael,John Douros,Johannes Flemming,Renate Forkel,Stefano Galmarini,Michael Gauss,Georg Grell,Marcus Hirtl,Sylvain M. Joffre,Oriol Jorba,Eigil Kaas,Marko Kaasik,George Kallos,X. Kong,Ulrik Smith Korsholm,A. Kurganskiy,Jonilda Kushta,Ulrike Lohmann,Alexander Mahura,Astrid Manders-Groot,Alberto Maurizi,Nicolas Moussiopoulos,S. T. Rao,Nicholas Savage,Christian Seigneur,Ranjeet S. Sokhi,Efisio Solazzo,Stavros Solomos,B. S. Sørensen,George Tsegas,Elisabetta Vignati,Bernhard Vogel,Yang Zhang +38 more
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of the current research status of online coupled meteorology and atmospheric chemistry modelling within Europe and highlights selected scientific issues and emerging challenges that require proper consideration to improve the reliability and usability of these models for the three scientific communities.
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Interactions of Water with Mineral Dust Aerosol: Water Adsorption, Hygroscopicity, Cloud Condensation, and Ice Nucleation.
TL;DR: Experimental techniques to probe water interactions with dust and theoretical frameworks to understand these interactions are discussed and laboratory studies and theoretical simulations that provide fundemental insights into these processes on the molecular level are related.
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