Journal ArticleDOI
Antimutagenic Activity of Flavonoids from Chrysanthemum morifolium
Mitsuo Miyazawa,Masayoshi Hisama +1 more
TLDR
A methanol extract from the flower heads of Chrysanthemum morifolium showed a suppressive effect on umu gene expression of the SOS response in Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002 against the mutagen 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-Furyl)acrylamide (furylfuramide).Abstract:
A methanol extract from the flower heads of Chrysanthemum morifolium showed a suppressive effect on umu gene expression of the SOS response in Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002 against the mutagen 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)acrylamide (furylfuramide). The methanol extract was re-extracted with hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol, and water. The ethyl acetate fraction showed a suppressive effect. Suppressive compounds in the ethyl acetate fraction were isolated by silica gel column chromatography and identified as the flavonoids acacetin (1), apigenin (2), luteolin (3), and quercetin (4) by EI-MS, IR, and (1)H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Compounds 1-4 suppressed the furylfuramide-induced SOS response in the umu test. Compounds 1-4 suppressed 60.2, 75.7, 90.0, and 66.6% of the SOS-inducing activity at a concentration of 0.70 micromol/ml. The ID50 (50% inhibitory dose) values of 1-4 were 0.62, 0.55, 0.44, and 0.59 micromol/ml. These compounds had the suppressive effects on umu gene expression of the SOS response against other mutagens, 4-nitroquinolin 1-oxide (4NQO) and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), which do not require liver-metabolizing enzymes. These compounds also showed the suppression of SOS-inducing activity against the other mutagens aflatoxin B1 (AfB1) and 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-1), which require liver-metabolizing enzymes, and UV irradiation. In addition to the antimutagenic activities of these compounds against furylfuramide, Trp-P-1 and activated Trp-P-1 were also assayed by the Ames test using S. typhimurium TA100.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Distribution and biological activities of the flavonoid luteolin.
TL;DR: The ability of luteolin to inhibit angiogenesis, to induce apoptosis, to prevent carcinogenesis in animal models, to reduce tumor growth in vivo and to sensitize tumor cells to the cytotoxic effects of some anticancer drugs suggests that this flavonoid has cancer chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic potential.
Journal ArticleDOI
Identification of the phenolic components of chrysanthemum flower (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat)
Long-Ze Lin,James M. Harnly +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a standardised profiling method based on liquid chromatography with diode array and electrospray ionisation/mass spectrometry (LC-DAD-ESI/MS) was used to identify 46 flavonoids and 17 caffeic acid derivatives in the aqueous methanol extract of Flos chrysanthemum (C. morifolium Ramat) (Compositae), an important Chinese herb.
Journal ArticleDOI
In vitro antimicrobial activities against cariogenic streptococci and their antioxidant capacities: A comparative study of green tea versus different herbs
TL;DR: It is suggested that rosemary is a potent inhibitor of oral streptococci, and green tea and osmanthus may be effective potential sources of natural antioxidants.
Journal ArticleDOI
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles by Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. extract and their application in clinical ultrasound gel
TL;DR: The results show the AgNP had potent bactericidal activity on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, as well as a strong antibacterial activity against gram-negative bacteria, as compared to gram-positive bacteria with a dose-dependent effect, thus providing a clinical ultrasound gel with bactericidal property for prevention of cross infections.
Journal ArticleDOI
Acacetin inhibits cell growth and cell cycle progression, and induces apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells: structure-activity relationship with linarin and linarin acetate.
TL;DR: Overall, AC showed more potent anticancer efficacy among these three flavonoids, which was diminished when its flavone ring was modified by disaccharide rhamnose substitution at C7 (LN) or acetylation of this substituted group (LA).
References
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Book
Experiments in molecular genetics
TL;DR: Molecular Genetics (Biology): An Overview | Sciencing Experimental in Molecular Genetics Experiments in molecular genetics (1972 edition) | Open ...
Journal ArticleDOI
Methods for detecting carcinogens and mutagens with the salmonella/mammalian-microsome mutagenicity test
TL;DR: The methods described include the standard plate test, the use and storage of the bacterial tester strains, preparation and use of the liver homogenates, and the methods of inducing the rats for elevated microsomal enzyme activity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Detection of carcinogens as mutagens in the Salmonella/microsome test: assay of 300 chemicals
TL;DR: There is a high correlation between carcinogenicity and mutagenicity: 90% (156/174) of carcinogens are mutagenic in the test and despite the severe limitations inherent in defining non-carcinogenicity, few "non-Carcinogens" show any degree of mutageniability.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mutagenesis and inducible responses to deoxyribonucleic acid damage in Escherichia coli.
TL;DR: Comparing the SOS, Heat Shock, and Adaptive Regulatory Systems and evidence suggesting that UV mutagenesis does not require the induction of genes other than those repressed by LexA, the role of SOS processing to the spontaneous mutation frequency is suggested.
Journal ArticleDOI
The SOS regulatory system of Escherichia coli
John W. Little,David W. Mount +1 more
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Identification of the phenolic components of chrysanthemum flower (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat)
Long-Ze Lin,James M. Harnly +1 more