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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Are We What We Eat? Impact of Diet on the Gut–Brain Axis in Parkinson’s Disease

Margherita Alfonsetti, +2 more
- 01 Jan 2022 - 
- Vol. 14, Iss: 2, pp 380-380
TLDR
The hypothesis that Parkinson’s disease could begin in the gut is supported, with a focus on how food-based therapies might then have an influence on PD and could ameliorate non-motor as well as motor symptoms.
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease is characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms, such as defects in the gut function, which may occur before the motor symptoms. To date, there are therapies that can improve these symptoms, but there is no cure to avoid the development or exacerbation of this disorder. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota could have a crucial role in the gut–brain axis, which is a bidirectional communication between the central nervous system and the enteric nervous system. Diet can affect the microbiota composition, impacting gut–brain axis functionality. Gut microbiome restoration through probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics or other dietary means could have the potential to slow PD progression. In this review, we will discuss the influence of diet on the bidirectional communication between gut and brain, thus supporting the hypothesis that this disorder could begin in the gut. We also focus on how food-based therapies might then have an influence on PD and could ameliorate non-motor as well as motor symptoms.

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Citations
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The Therapeutic Role of Ketogenic Diet in Neurological Disorders

TL;DR: KD can provide therapeutic benefits in patients with neurological problems by effectively controlling the balance between pro- and antioxidant processes and pro-excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters, and modulating inflammation or changing the composition of the gut microbiome.
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The Interplay between Gut Microbiota and Parkinson’s Disease: Implications on Diagnosis and Treatment

TL;DR: Evidence for GM alterations and leaky gut in PD patients is presented, the potential of GM-based signatures to serve as disease biomarkers are reviewed, and the emerging role of probiotics, prebiotics, antibiotics, dietary interventions, and fecal microbiota transplantation as supportive therapeutic approaches in PD are highlighted.
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Gut microbiota, pathogenic proteins and neurodegenerative diseases

TL;DR: In this article , the authors summarized the possible mechanism of neurodegenerative diseases caused by abnormal accumulation of pathogenic proteins mediated by GM to induce the activation of central microglia, cause central inflammation and explore the therapeutic potential of dietary therapy and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in NDs.
Journal ArticleDOI

Nutrition and Gut–Brain Pathways Impacting the Onset of Parkinson’s Disease

TL;DR: The current literature on the nutritive patterns and inflammatory markers as a predictor for early detection of Parkinson’s disease is reviewed to foster the detection of early nutritious patterns and preclinical biomarkers to potentially alter PD development and progression.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Dietary Modulation of the Human Colonic Microbiota: Introducing the Concept of Prebiotics

TL;DR: By combining the rationale of pro- and prebiotics, the concept of synbiotics is proposed to characterize some colonic foods with interesting nutritional properties that make these compounds candidates for classification as health-enhancing functional food ingredients.
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Journal ArticleDOI

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Journal ArticleDOI

From Dietary Fiber to Host Physiology: Short-Chain Fatty Acids as Key Bacterial Metabolites

TL;DR: Data is reviewed supporting the diverse functional roles carried out by a major class of bacterial metabolites, the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which affect various physiological processes and may contribute to health and disease.
Journal ArticleDOI

Gut Microbiota in Health and Disease

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