Journal ArticleDOI
Assessment of intake from the diet
Rob Kroes,D Müller,J. Lambe,M.R.H. Löwik,J.D. van Klaveren,J Kleiner,R.C. Massey,S Mayer,I Urieta,Philippe Verger,A Visconti +10 more
TLDR
It has been demonstrated that a tiered approach at all three steps can be helpful to optimise the use of the available resources: if relatively crude tools - designed to provide a "worst case" estimate - do not suggest a toxicologically significant exposure (or a relevant deficit of a particular nutrient) it may not be necessary to use more sophisticated tools.About:
This article is published in Food and Chemical Toxicology.The article was published on 2002-02-01. It has received 363 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Food Analysis & Population.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Application of the threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) to the safety evaluation of cosmetic ingredients.
Rob Kroes,Andrew G. Renwick,Victor J. Feron,Corrado L. Galli,Michael J. Gibney,Helmut Greim,Richard H. Guy,Jean-Claude Lhuguenot,J.J.M. van de Sandt +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the estimated oral intake with a threshold of toxicological concern derived from chronic oral toxicity data for structurally-related compounds, and showed that the oral TTC values are valid for topical exposures and that relationship between the external topical dose and the internal dose can be taken into account by conservative default adjustment factors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Review of health safety aspects of nanotechnologies in food production
Hans Bouwmeester,Susan Dekkers,M.Y. Noordam,Werner I. Hagens,A.S. Bulder,Cees de Heer,Sandra E.C.G. ten Voorde,Susan Wijnhoven,Hans J.P. Marvin,Adriënne J.A.M. Sips +9 more
TL;DR: An overview of scientific issues that need to be addressed with priority in order to improve the risk assessment of nanotechnologies and nanoparticles in food products is given.
Journal ArticleDOI
Guidance of EFSA: Use of the EFSA Comprehensive European Food Consumption Database in exposure assessment
M. Bakker,A. P. Hearty,Catherine Leclercq,Oliver Lindtner,C. Tlustos,Philippe Verger,J.-L. Volatier +6 more
TL;DR: The aim of the present document is to give an overview of the Comprehensive Database and to provide guidance on its use for dietary exposure assessments.
Journal ArticleDOI
Structure-based thresholds of toxicological concern (TTC): guidance for application to substances present at low levels in the diet
Rob Kroes,Andrew G. Renwick,M Cheeseman,Juliane Kleiner,I Mangelsdorf,Aldert H. Piersma,Benoît Schilter,Josef Rudolf Schlatter,F van Schothorst,Josephus G. Vos,G. Würtzen +10 more
TL;DR: A recent reassessment of the use of TTCs, organized by ILSI Europe, has developed a decision tree which allows a systematic approach to the evaluation of low levels of diverse chemicals in food.
Journal ArticleDOI
Methods of in vitro toxicology.
G. Eisenbrand,B.L. Pool-Zobel,V.A. Baker,Michael Balls,Bas J. Blaauboer,Alan R. Boobis,Angelo Carere,S Kevekordes,Jean-Claude Lhuguenot,Raymond Pieters,J Kleiner +10 more
TL;DR: This paper critically reviews the entire process of risk assessment by in vitro toxicology, encompassing ongoing and future developments, with major emphasis on cytotoxicity, cellular responses, toxicokinetics, modelling, metabolism, cancer-related endpoints, developmental toxicity, prediction of allergenicity, and finally, development and application of biomarkers.
References
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Toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) for PCBs, PCDDs, PCDFs for humans and wildlife
M. van den Berg,L. Birnbaum,A.T.C. Bosveld,B. Brunstrom,P. Cook,M. Feeley,John P. Giesy,Annika Hanberg,R. Hasegawa,S.W. Kennedy,T. Kubiak,J. C. Larsen,F.X.R. van Leeuwen,A. K. D. Liem,C. Nolt,R.E. Peterson,L. Poellinger,Stephen Safe,D. Schrenk,D. Tillitt,Mats Tysklind,Maged Younes,F. Waern,T. Zacharewski +23 more
TL;DR: It was concluded that the TEF concept is still the most plausible and feasible approach for risk assessment of halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons with dioxinlike properties.
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Sources of variance in 24-hour dietary recall data: implications for nutrition study design and interpretation.
G H Beaton,J Milner,P Corey,V McGuire,M Cousins,E Stewart,M de Ramos,David Hewitt,P V Grambsch,Neema Kassim,J. A. Little +10 more
TL;DR: A method for producing a laminated metal ribbon comprises vapor-depositing a third metal layer on at least one welding surface of a first metal ribbon 4 and a second metal ribbon 5 in a vacuum chamber 1.
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The EPIC Project: rationale and study design. European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.
Elio Riboli,Rudolf Kaaks +1 more
TL;DR: EPIC is a multi-centre prospective cohort study designed to investigate the relation between diet, nutritional and metabolic characteristics, various lifestyle factors and the risk of cancer in middle-aged men and women.