Journal ArticleDOI
Biological consequences of global warming: is the signal already apparent?
TLDR
In this article, the authors show that the climate of the past few decades is anomalous compared with past climate variation, and that recent climatic and atmospheric trends are already affecting species physiology, distribution and phenology.Abstract:
Increasing greenhouse gas concentrations are expected to have significant impacts on the world's climate on a timescale of decades to centuries. Evidence from long-term monitoring studies is now accumulating and suggests that the climate of the past few decades is anomalous compared with past climate variation, and that recent climatic and atmospheric trends are already affecting species physiology, distribution and phenology.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Ecological responses to recent climate change.
Gian-Reto Walther,Eric Post,Peter Convey,Annette Menzel,Camille Parmesan,Trevor J. C. Beebee,Jean-Marc Fromentin,Ove Hoegh-Guldberg,Franz Bairlein +8 more
TL;DR: A review of the ecological impacts of recent climate change exposes a coherent pattern of ecological change across systems, from polar terrestrial to tropical marine environments.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ecological and Evolutionary Responses to Recent Climate Change
TL;DR: Range-restricted species, particularly polar and mountaintop species, show severe range contractions and have been the first groups in which entire species have gone extinct due to recent climate change.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climate Extremes: Observations, Modeling, and Impacts
David R. Easterling,Gerald A. Meehl,Camille Parmesan,Stanley A. Changnon,Thomas R. Karl,Linda O. Mearns +5 more
TL;DR: Results of observational studies suggest that in many areas that have been analyzed, changes in total precipitation are amplified at the tails, and changes in some temperature extremes have been observed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Predicting the impacts of climate change on the distribution of species: are bioclimate envelope models useful?
TL;DR: In this paper, a hierarchical modeling framework is proposed through which some of these limitations can be addressed within a broader, scale-dependent framework, and it is proposed that, although the complexity of the natural system presents fundamental limits to predictive modelling, the bioclimate envelope approach can provide a useful first approximation as to the potentially dramatic impact of climate change on biodiversity.
Journal ArticleDOI
European phenological response to climate change matches the warming pattern
Annette Menzel,Tim H. Sparks,Nicole Estrella,Elisabeth Koch,Anto Aasa,Rein Ahas,Kerstin Alm-Kübler,Peter Bissolli,Ol 'ga Braslavská,Agrita Briede,Frank-M. Chmielewski,Zalika Črepinšek,Yannick Curnel,Åslög Dahl,Claudio Defila,Alison Donnelly,Yolanda Filella,Katarzyna Jatczak,Finn Måge,Antonio Mestre,Øyvind Nordli,Josep Peñuelas,Pentti Pirinen,Viera Remisová,Helfried Scheifinger,Martin Striz,Andreja Sušnik,Arnold J. H. van Vliet,F. E. Wielgolaski,Susanne Zach,Ana Zust +30 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used an enormous systematic phenological network data set of more than 125 000 observational series of 542 plant and 19 animal species in 21 European countries (1971-2000) and concluded that previously published results of phenological changes were not biased by reporting or publication predisposition.
References
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Book
Climate Change 1995: The Science of Climate Change
TL;DR: The most comprehensive and up-to-date assessment available for scientific understanding of human influences on the past present and future climate is "Climate Change 1995: The Science of Climate Change" as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Increased plant growth in the northern high latitudes from 1981 to 1991
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present evidence from satellite data that the photosynthetic activity of terrestrial vegetation increased from 1981 to 1991 in a manner that is suggestive of an increase in plant growth associated with a lengthening of the active growing season.
Journal ArticleDOI
Poleward shifts in geographical ranges of butterfly species associated with regional warming
Camille Parmesan,Nils Ryrholm,Constantí Stefanescu,Jane K. Hill,Chris D. Thomas,Henri Descimon,Brian Huntley,Lauri Kaila,Jaakko Kullberg,Toomas Tammaru,W. John Tennent,Jeremy A. Thomas,Martin Warren +12 more
TL;DR: The authors showed that migratory species can respond rapidly to yearly climate variation, and further global warming is predicted to continue for the next 50-100 years, and some migratory animals can respond quickly to climate variation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Northern Hemisphere Temperatures During the Past Millennium: Inferences, Uncertainties, and Limitations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors attempt hemispheric temperature reconstructions with proxy data networks for the past millennium, focusing not just on the reconstructions, but the uncertainties therein, and important caveats.
Journal ArticleDOI
Maximum and Minimum Temperature Trends for the Globe
David R. Easterling,Briony Horton,Philip Jones,Thomas C. Peterson,Thomas R. Karl,D. E. Parker,M. James Salinger,Vyacheslav Razuvayev,Neil Plummer,Paul F. Jamason,Chris K. Folland +10 more
TL;DR: In this article, an analysis of the global mean surface air temperature has shown that its increase is due, at least in part, to differential changes in daily maximum and minimum temperatures, resulting in a narrowing of the diurnal temperature range.
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