Journal ArticleDOI
Climate-Driven Ecosystem Succession in the Sahara: The Past 6000 Years
Stefan Kröpelin,Dirk Verschuren,Anne-Marie Lézine,Hilde Eggermont,Christine Cocquyt,Christine Cocquyt,Pierre Francus,Pierre Francus,Jean-Pierre Cazet,M. Fagot,Bob Rumes,James M. Russell,F. Darius,Daniel J. Conley,Mathieu Schuster,H. von Suchodoletz,H. von Suchodoletz,Daniel R. Engstrom +17 more
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TLDR
This gradual rather than abrupt termination of the African Humid Period in the eastern Sahara suggests a relatively weak biogeophysical feedback on climate.Abstract:
Desiccation of the Sahara since the middle Holocene has eradicated all but a few natural archives recording its transition from a "green Sahara" to the present hyperarid desert. Our continuous 6000- year paleoenvironmental reconstruction from northern Chad shows progressive drying of the regional terrestrial ecosystem in response to weakening insolation forcing of the African monsoon and abrupt hydrological change in the local aquatic ecosystem controlled by site- specific thresholds. Strong reductions in tropical trees and then Sahelian grassland cover allowed large- scale dust mobilization from 4300 calendar years before the present ( cal yr B. P.). Today's desert ecosystem and regional wind regime were established around 2700 cal yr B. P. This gradual rather than abrupt termination of the African Humid Period in the eastern Sahara suggests a relatively weak biogeophysical feedback on climate.read more
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The HYDE 3.1 spatially explicit database of human‐induced global land‐use change over the past 12,000 years
TL;DR: The authors presented a tool for long-term global change studies; it is an update of the History Database of the Global Environment (HYDE) with estimates of some of the underlying demographic and agricultural driving factors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Anthropogenic land use estimates for the Holocene – HYDE 3.2
Kees Klein Goldewijk,Kees Klein Goldewijk,Arthur H. W. Beusen,Arthur H. W. Beusen,Jonathan C. Doelman,Elke Stehfest +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an update and extension of HYDE, the History Database of the Global Environment (HYDE version 3.2), which is an internally consistent combination of historical population estimates and allocation algorithms with time-dependent weighting maps for land use.
Journal ArticleDOI
Long-term dynamic modeling of global population and built-up area in a spatially explicit way: HYDE 3.1
TL;DR: This paper describes a tool for long-term global change studies; it is an update of the History Database of the Global Environment (HYDE) with estimates of some of the underlying demographic driving factors of global change with estimated total and urban/rural population numbers, densities and fractions for the Holocene.
Journal ArticleDOI
The West African Sahel: A Review of Recent Studies on the Rainfall Regime and Its Interannual Variability
TL;DR: New paradigms for the monsoon and associated ITCZ and for interannual variability have emerged, and features in the upper atmosphere, as well as the Saharan Heat Low are emphasized.
Journal ArticleDOI
History of domestication and spread of Aedes aegypti--a review.
TL;DR: This work integrates the available information including genetics, behaviour, morphology, ecology and biogeography of the mosquito, with human history to reach a realistic and comprehensive understanding of this important vector of yellow fever, dengue and Chikungunya.
References
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André Berger,Marie-France Loutre +1 more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Global Iron Connections Between Desert Dust, Ocean Biogeochemistry, and Climate
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Yongjin Wang,Hai Cheng,Hai Cheng,R. Lawrence Edwards,Yaoqi He,Xinggong Kong,Zhisheng An,Jiangying Wu,Megan J. Kelly,Carolyn A. Dykoski,Xiangdong Li +10 more
TL;DR: A 5-year-resolution absolute-dated oxygen isotope record from Dongge Cave, southern China, provides a continuous history of the Asian monsoon over the past 9000 years, and shows that some, but not all, of the monsoon variability at these frequencies results from changes in solar output.
Journal ArticleDOI
Southward Migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone Through the Holocene
TL;DR: The Cariaco Basin record exhibits strong correlations with climate records from distant regions, including the high-latitude Northern Hemisphere, providing evidence for global teleconnections among regional climates.
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