Cortical Thickness of Brain Areas Beyond Stroke Lesions and Sensory-Motor Recovery: A Systematic Review.
TLDR
In this article, the effects of cerebral stroke on cortical thickness (CT) beyond the stroke lesion and its association with sensory-motor recovery were evaluated. But, the results of these studies were limited.Abstract:
Background: The clinical outcome of patients suffering from stroke is dependent on multiple factors. The features of the lesion itself play an important role but clinical recovery is remarkably influenced by the plasticity mechanisms triggered by the stroke and occurring at a distance from the lesion. The latter translate into functional and structural changes of which cortical thickness might be easy to quantify one of the main players. However, studies on the changes of cortical thickness in brain areas beyond stroke lesion and their relationship to sensory-motor recovery are sparse. Objectives: To evaluate the effects of cerebral stroke on cortical thickness (CT) beyond the stroke lesion and its association with sensory-motor recovery. Materials and Methods: Five electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus and the Cochrane Library) were searched. Methodological quality of the included studies was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for non-randomized controlled trials and the Risk of Bias Cochrane tool for randomized controlled trials. Results: The search strategy retrieved 821 records, 12 studies were included and risk of bias assessed. In most of the included studies, cortical thinning was seen at the ipsilesional motor area (M1). Cortical thinning can occur beyond the stroke lesion, typically in regions anatomically connected because of anterograde degeneration. Nonetheless, studies also reported cortical thickening of regions of the unaffected hemisphere, likely related to compensatory plasticity. Some studies revealed a significant correlation between changes in cortical thickness of M1 or somatosensory (S1) cortical areas and motor function recovery. Discussion and Conclusions: Following a stroke, changes in cortical thickness occur both in regions directly connected to the stroke lesion and in contralateral hemisphere areas as well as in the cerebellum. The underlying mechanisms leading to these changes in cortical thickness are still to be fully understood and further research in the field is needed. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020200539; PROSPERO 2020, identifier: CRD42020200539.read more
Citations
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Auditory driven gamma synchrony is associated with cortical thickness in widespread cortical areas
Anna-Lisa Schuler,Giulio Ferrazzi,Nigel Colenbier,Giorgio Arcara,Francesco Piccione,Florinda Ferreri,D. Marinazzo,Giovanni Pellegrino +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper , an association between cortical thickness and gamma synchrony was found for MRI-MEG scans. But the authors did not investigate the relationship between the thickness of the cortical cortex and the duration of gamma synchronization.
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Structural plasticity of motor cortices assessed by voxel-based morphometry and immunohistochemical analysis following internal capsular infarcts in macaque monkeys
TL;DR: In this article , structural plastic changes underlying functional changes together with voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis of magnetic resonance imaging data and immunohistochemical analysis using SMI-32 antibody in a macaque model were investigated.
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Altered microstructure of the contralesional ventral premotor cortex and motor output after stroke
Pawel Wrobel,Stephanie Guder,Jan Feldheim,José A. Graterol Pérez,Benedikt M. Frey,Chi-Un Choe,Marlene Bönstrup,B. Cheng,Yogesh Rathi,Ofer Pasternak,Götz Thomalla,Christian Gerloff,Martha E. Shenton,Robert Schulz +13 more
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors re-analysed clinical and imaging data of 42 well-recovered chronic stroke patients from 2 independent cohorts (mean age 64 years, 4 left-handed, 71% male, 16 right-sided strokes) and 33 healthy controls of similar age and gender.
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