Journal ArticleDOI
Diffusion tensor MRI evaluation of the corona radiata, cingulate gyri, and corpus callosum in HIV patients
Sarah C.B. Leite,Diogo Goulart Corrêa,Thomas M. Doring,Tadeu T. A. Kubo,Tania Maria Netto,Rafael Ferracini,Nina Ventura,Paulo Roberto Valle Bahia,Emerson Leandro Gasparetto +8 more
TLDR
To evaluate the white matter integrity of the corona radiata, cingulate gyri, and corpus callosum in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection through diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).Abstract:
Purpose
To evaluate the white matter integrity of the corona radiata, cingulate gyri, and corpus callosum in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection through diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).
Materials and Methods
Thirty-four patients with at least 5 years of HIV infection and 27 healthy controls underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a 1.5 T scanner. A voxelwise-based technique was used to analyze the DTI data.
Results
We found that in the body of corpus callosum the fractional anisotropy (FA) was significantly reduced, whereas mean diffusivity (MD) and radial diffusivity (RD) were increased in HIV patients. Analyzing the corona radiata, axial diffusivity (AD) and MD were significantly increased in the left superior region, MD and RD were increased in the left posterior area, and, furthermore, MD was also increased in the right posterior region. No significant abnormalities were found on the cingulate gyri. The white matter damage, related to FA reduction, was associated with increased RD, indicating that demyelization might be the pathophysiological result of this damage.
Conclusion
Since the DTI can detect abnormalities in the normal-appearing white matter, this technique may play a role as an early marker of HIV disease progression, including clinical manifestations such as cognitive impairment. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;38:1488–1493. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Neuroimaging Biomarkers of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Dementia
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe key findings from neuroimaging studies (magnetic resonance imaging and radionucleotide imaging) in neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and prodromal stages, familial and atypical AD syndromes, frontotemporal dementia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with and without dementia, Parkinson's disease with Lewy bodies, Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis, HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder, and prion protein associated diseases (i.e., Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
Journal ArticleDOI
Cerebral injury in perinatally HIV-infected children compared to matched healthy controls.
Sophie Cohen,Matthan W.A. Caan,Henk-Jan Mutsaerts,Henriette J. Scherpbier,Taco W. Kuijpers,Peter Reiss,Charles B. L. M. Majoie,Dasja Pajkrt +7 more
TL;DR: In children with HIV, even when long-term clinically and virologically controlled, the authors found lower brain volumes, a higher WMH load, and poorer WM integrity compared to matched controls.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gray and White Matter Abnormalities in Treated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disease and Their Relationship to Cognitive Function.
Jonathan Underwood,James H. Cole,Matthan W.A. Caan,Davide De Francesco,Robert Leech,Rosan A van Zoest,Tanja Su,Gert J. Geurtsen,Ben Schmand,Peter Portegies,Maria Prins,Ferdinand W. N. M. Wit,Caroline A. Sabin,Charles B. L. M. Majoie,Peter Reiss,Alan Winston,David J. Sharp +16 more
TL;DR: Cognitive impairment, lower gray matter volume, and white matter microstructural abnormalities were evident in HIV-infected individuals despite fully suppressive antiretroviral therapy, appearing to be a particularly important determinant of cognitive dysfunction seen in well-treated HIV- infected individuals.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of HIV and Methamphetamine on Brain and Behavior: Evidence from Human Studies and Animal Models.
Virawudh Soontornniyomkij,James P. Kesby,James P. Kesby,Erin E. Morgan,Amanda Bischoff-Grethe,Arpi Minassian,Gregory G. Brown,Igor Grant +7 more
TL;DR: Results from human studies and animal (primarily HIV-1 gp120 transgenic mouse) models thus far suggest that combined HIV and Meth insults increase the likelihood of neural injury in the brain.
References
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