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Efficacy of Olyset Duo, a bednet containing pyriproxyfen and permethrin, versus a permethrin-only net against clinical malaria in an area with highly pyrethroid-resistant vectors in rural Burkina Faso: a cluster-randomised controlled trial.

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TLDR
PPF-treated LLins provide greater protection against clinical malaria than do standard LLINs and could be used as an alternative to standard LLIns in areas with intense transmission of Plasmodium falciparum malaria and highly pyrethroid-resistant vectors.
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This article is published in The Lancet.The article was published on 2018-08-18 and is currently open access. It has received 96 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Malaria.

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Malaria eradication within a generation: ambitious, achievable, and necessary

TL;DR: Authors: Richard G. A. Feachem, Ingrid Chen*, Omar Akbari‡, Amelia Bertozzi-Villa, Samir Bhatt, Fred Binka, Maciej Boni, Caroline Buckee, Joseph Dieleman, Arjen Dondorp, Neelam Sekhri FeAChem, Scott Filler, Peter Gething, Roly Gosling, Annie Haakenstad.
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Threats to the effectiveness of insecticide-treated bednets for malaria control: thinking beyond insecticide resistance.

TL;DR: In this paper, a broader perspective to evaluate ITN effectiveness in terms of access to nets, use of nets, bioefficacy, and durability should be taken, arguing that a single focus on insecticide resistance misses the bigger picture.
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Phased Conditional Approach for Mosquito Management Using Sterile Insect Technique.

TL;DR: A PCA is presented to test the SIT against mosquitoes within an area-wide-integrated pest-management programme, taking into account the experience gained with plant and livestock pests and the recent developments of the technique against mosquitoes.
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Cross-resistance profiles of malaria mosquito P450s associated with pyrethroid resistance against WHO insecticides

TL;DR: The results suggest that P450s present at elevated levels in two major Anopheline vectors of malaria in Africa have the capacity to metabolise a diverse range of pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides as well as pyriproxyfen that could impact vector control.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Interaction revisited: the difference between two estimates

Douglas G. Altman, +1 more
- 25 Jan 2003 - 
TL;DR: Interference is considered in terms of heterogeneity of treatment effect in subgroups in a randomised trial, such as two age groups, and interaction more generally.
Journal ArticleDOI

Identification of Single Specimens of the Anopheles Gambiae Complex by the Polymerase Chain Reaction

TL;DR: A ribosomal DNA-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method has been developed for species identification of individuals of the five most widespread members of the Anopheles gambiae complex, a group of morphologically indistinguishable sibling mosquito species that includes the major vectors of malaria in Africa.
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Statistical Methods in Medical Research

TL;DR: This issue focuses on statistical methods in medical research and proposes two probabilistic models to estimate male-to-female HIV-1 transmission rate in one sexual contact.
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Insecticide Resistance in African Anopheles Mosquitoes: A Worsening Situation that Needs Urgent Action to Maintain Malaria Control

TL;DR: An update is provided on the current status of resistance to the major insecticide classes in African malaria vectors, the evidence that this resistance is already compromising malaria control efforts is considered, and some of the new insecticide-based tools under development and the challenges in ensuring they are most effectively deployed to manage resistance are highlighted.
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Q1. What contributions have the authors mentioned in the paper "Efficacy of olyset® duo, a pyriproxyfen and permethrin mixture bednet, against clinical malaria compared with standard nets in an area with highly pyrethroid- resistant vectors in rural burkina faso: a cluster-randomized controlled trial " ?

Tiono et al. this paper presented a clinical trial of a bednet containing pyriproxyfen and permethrin against clinical malaria in an area with highly pyrethroid-resistant vectors in rural Burkina Faso: a cluster-randomised controlled trial. 

In the future, in areas of high pyrethroid resistance, the use of nets treated with mixtures of active ingredients with different modes of action and which do not include pyrethroids, should be explored. Firstly, although the communities were masked to the interventions, it is possible that study participants would view a new net as better than an old one, potentially resulting in under-reporting of clinical cases in the PPF-group. PPF-LLINs are a promising intervention against malaria in sub-Saharan Africa. 

In areas with intense transmission and pyrethroid-resistant vectors PPF-LLINs could provide additional protection against clinical malaria. 

Substantial reductions in malaria in sub-Saharan Africa have been achieved with massive deployment of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN), but pyrethroid resistance threatens control.