Elementary and global aspects of calcium signalling.
TLDR
Using Ca2+ imaging techniques, the opening of individual channels has now been visualized and models have been proposed to explain how these elementary events are coordinated to generate the global Ca 2+ signals that regulate cellular activity.Abstract:
Calcium is a ubiquitous second messenger used to regulate a wide range of cellular processes. This role in signalling has to be conducted against the rigid homeostatic mechanisms that ensure that the resting level of Ca2+ is kept low (i.e. between 20 and 100 nmol l-1) in order to avoid the cytotoxic effects of a prolonged elevation of [Ca2+]. Cells have evolved a sophisticated signalling system based on the generation of brief pulses of Ca2+ which enables this ion to be used as a messenger, thus avoiding its toxic effects. Such Ca2+ spikes usually result from the coordinated release of Ca2+ from internal stores using either inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate or ryanodine receptors. Using Ca2+ imaging techniques, the opening of individual channels has now been visualized and models have been proposed to explain how these elementary events are coordinated to generate the global Ca2+ signals that regulate cellular activity.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The versatility and universality of calcium signalling
TL;DR: The universality of calcium as an intracellular messenger depends on its enormous versatility, which is exploited to control processes as diverse as fertilization, proliferation, development, learning and memory, contraction and secretion.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neuronal calcium signaling
TL;DR: This work was supported by a grant from the European Commission BIOMED2 (BMH4-CT96-0656) and has been endorsed by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in clinical practice.
Journal ArticleDOI
Inositol Trisphosphate Receptor Ca2+ Release Channels
TL;DR: Over the last decade, detailed quantitative studies of InsP3R channel function and its regulation by ligands and interacting proteins have provided new insights into a remarkable richness of channel regulation and of the structural aspects that underlie signal transduction and permeation.
Journal ArticleDOI
The endoplasmic reticulum: a multifunctional signaling organelle
TL;DR: The endoplasmic reticulum is a multifunctional signaling organelle that controls a wide range of cellular processes such as the entry and release of Ca(2+), sterol biosynthesis, apoptosis and the release of arachidonic acid.
Journal ArticleDOI
Influence of the Testa on Seed Dormancy, Germination, and Longevity in Arabidopsis
TL;DR: Both structural and pigmentation mutants deteriorated faster than the wild types during natural aging at room temperature, with structural mutants being the most strongly affected.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Ca2+ sparks and Ca2+ waves activate different Ca2+-dependent ion channels in single myocytes from rat portal vein
TL;DR: Results suggest that both inward cation current and outward K+ current activated by Ca2+ sparks may exert a key role in controlling the basal activity of vascular myocytes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Membrane junctions in xenopus eggs: their distribution suggests a role in calcium regulation
David M. Gardiner,RD Grey +1 more
TL;DR: Several lines of evidence are discussed supporting the hypothesis that these junctions in xenopus eggs are sites that transduce extracellular events into intracellular calcium release during fertilization and activation of development.
Journal ArticleDOI
All‐or‐nothing Ca2+ mobilization from the intracellular stores of single histamine‐stimulated HeLa cells.
TL;DR: It is concluded that within single HeLa cells, intracellular Ca2+ stores are heterogeneous in their sensitivity to InsP3, and the fraction of Ca 2+ stores mobilized by InsP 3 increases as theInsP3 concentration increases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Spontaneous sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium release and extrusion from bovine, not porcine, coronary artery smooth muscle.
TL;DR: The hypothesis that the Ca(2+)‐loaded sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of coronary artery smooth muscle spontaneously releases Ca2+ preferentially toward the sarcolemma to be extruded from the cell without increasing the average free myoplasmsic [Ca2+] (Ca(im)) concentration is tested.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fertilisation and thimerosal stimulate similar calcium spiking patterns in mouse oocytes but by separate mechanisms
Timothy R. Cheek,Orla M. McGuinness,C. Vincent,Roger B. Moreton,Michael J. Berridge,Martin H. Johnson +5 more
TL;DR: Dithiothreitol (DTT) completely blocked and reversed the spiking responses induced by thimerosal, but facilitated and accelerated those induced by spermatozoa, Sr2+ and acetylcholine.