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Emerging protein degradation strategies: expanding the scope to extracellular and membrane proteins.

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Abstract
Classic small molecule inhibitors that directly target pathogenic proteins typically rely on the accessible binding sites to achieve prolonged occupancy and influence protein functions. The emerging targeted protein degradation (TPD) strategies exemplified by PROteolysis TArgeting Chimeras (PROTACs) are revolutionizing conventional drug discovery modality to target proteins of interest (POIs) that were categorized as "undruggable" before, however, these strategies are limited within intracellular POIs. The novel new degrader technologies such as LYsosome-TArgeting Chimaeras (LYTACs) and Antibody-based PROTACs (AbTACs) have been successfully developed to expand the scope of TPD to extracellular and membrane proteins, fulfilling huge unmet medical needs. Here, we systematically review the currently viable protein degradation strategies, emphasize that LYTACs and AbTACs turn a new avenue for the development of TPD, and highlight the potential challenges and directions in this vibrant field.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Targeted protein degradation: mechanisms, strategies and application

TL;DR: In this article , the authors summarize recent advances of major targeted protein degradation (TPD) technologies, discuss their potential applications, and hope to provide a prime for both biologists and chemists who are interested in this vibrant field.
Journal ArticleDOI

Molecular Glues: The Adhesive Connecting Targeted Protein Degradation to the Clinic

TL;DR: This paper uses data from the CAS Content Collection and the publication landscape of recent research on targeted protein degraders to provide insights into these molecules, with a special focus on molecular glues.
Journal ArticleDOI

Small-Molecule PROTACs for Cancer Immunotherapy

TL;DR: This review attempts to comprehensively summarize the well-studied and less-developed immunological targets available for PROTAC technology, as well as some targets to be explored, aiming to provide more options and opportunities for the development of small-molecule-based tumor immunotherapy.
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Non-small molecule PROTACs (NSM-PROTACs): Protein degradation kaleidoscope

TL;DR: In this article , the authors introduce the types of non-small molecule PROTACs, describe the advantages of NSM-PROTACs and summarize the development of NMT-PROPACs so far in detail.
Journal ArticleDOI

Carnosol alleviates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by inhibiting mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis through targeting of PRDX3.

TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper investigated the protective effect of the natural phenolic compound CAR on NAFLD via Peroxiredoxin 3 (PRDX3), a mitochondrial H2O2-eliminating enzyme, undergoes overoxidation and subsequent inactivation under oxidative stress.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Discovery of a Keap1-dependent peptide PROTAC to knockdown Tau by ubiquitination-proteasome degradation pathway.

TL;DR: Keap1, a substrate adaptor protein for ubiquitin E3 ligase involved in oxidative stress regulation, is identified as a novel candidate for PROTACs that can be applied in the degradation of the nonenzymatic protein Tau and peptide 1 can downregulate the intracellular Tau level in both time- and concentration-dependent manner.
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Structural and Molecular Basis of Znrf3/Rnf43 Transmembrane Ubiquitin Ligase Inhibition by the Wnt Agonist R-Spondin.

TL;DR: Comparison of the four R-spondin proteins, mutants and chimeras in biophysical and cellular assays shows that their signalling potency depends on their ability to recruit ZNRF3 or RNF43 via Fu1 into a complex with LGR receptors, which interact with Rspo via Fu2.
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Polytherapy and Targeted Cancer Drug Resistance

TL;DR: The diverse and dynamic strategies that cancers use to evade drug response, the promise of upfront combination and intermittent therapies and therapy switching in forestalling resistance, and epigenetic reprogramming to combat resistance are discussed.
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The macrophage mannose receptor: current status.

TL;DR: This work has shown that in vivo clearance of mannose glycoconjugates is mediated by a receptor found in liver Kupffer and endothelial cells and in mononuclear phagocytes, and binding and internalization studies have shown that the mannoses receptor is both phagocytic and anti-receptor antibodies.
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Smac Mimetics Activate the E3 Ligase Activity of cIAP1 Protein by Promoting RING Domain Dimerization

TL;DR: It is shown that RING dimerization is essential for the E3 ligase activity of cI AP1 and cIAP2 because monomeric RING mutants could not interact with the ubiquitin-charged E2 enzyme and were resistant to Smac mimetic-induced autoubiquitylation.
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