Emission of trace gases and aerosols from biomass burning
Meinrat O. Andreae,P. Merlet +1 more
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In this article, the authors present a set of emission factors for a large variety of species emitted from biomass fires, where data were not available, they have proposed estimates based on appropriate extrapolation techniques.Abstract:
A large body of information on emissions from the various types of biomass burning has been accumulated over the past decade, to a large extent as a result of International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme/International Global Atmospheric Chemistry research activities. Yet this information has not been readily accessible to the atmospheric chemistry community because it was scattered over a large number of publications and reported in numerous different units and reference systems. We have critically evaluated the presently available data and integrated these into a consistent format. On the basis of this analysis we present a set of emission factors for a large variety of species emitted from biomass fires. Where data were not available, we have proposed estimates based on appropriate extrapolation techniques. We have derived global estimates of pyrogenic emissions for important species emitted by the various types of biomass burning and compared our estimates with results from inverse modeling studies.read more
Citations
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Intercomparison of SCIAMACHY and OMI Tropospheric NO2 Columns: Observing the Diurnal Evolution of Chemistry and Emissions from Space
K. Folkert Boersma,K. Folkert Boersma,Daniel J. Jacob,Henk Eskes,Robert W. Pinder,Jun Wang,Ronald van der A +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the consistency between OMI and SCIAMACHY under tropospheric background conditions and the effect of different observing times, and found that SCIACHY observed up to 40% higher NO2 at 1000 local time (LT) than OMI at 1330 LT.
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Africa and the global carbon cycle
Christopher B. Williams,Niall P. Hanan,Jason C. Neff,Robert J. Scholes,Joseph A. Berry,A. Scott Denning,David Baker +6 more
TL;DR: Considering the continent's sizeable carbon stocks, their seemingly high vulnerability to anticipated climate and land use change, as well as growing populations and industrialization, Africa's carbon emissions and their interannual variability are likely to undergo substantial increases through the 21st century.
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Vulnerability of land systems to fire: Interactions among humans, climate, the atmosphere, and ecosystems
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a conceptual framework for assessing regional vulnerabilities resulting from biophysical and human consequences of changed fire regimes under global change scenarios, which can be applied to two regional cases with contrasting ecological and human context: boreal forests of northern America and African savannahs.
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Long-term decline of global atmospheric ethane concentrations and implications for methane
Isobel J. Simpson,Mads P. Sulbaek Andersen,Mads P. Sulbaek Andersen,Simone Meinardi,Lori Bruhwiler,Nicola J. Blake,Detlev Helmig,F. Sherwood Rowland,Donald R. Blake +8 more
TL;DR: It is shown that global ethane emission rates decreased from 14.3 to 11.3 teragrams per year, or by 21 per cent, from 1984 to 2010, and suggested that reduced fugitive fossil fuel emissions account for at least 10–21 teragramS per year of the decrease in methane's global emissions, significantly contributing to methane’s slowing atmospheric growth rate since the mid-1980s.
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Temporal trends in atmospheric PM₂.₅, PM₁₀, elemental carbon, organic carbon, water-soluble organic carbon, and optical properties: impact of biomass burning emissions in the Indo-Gangetic Plain.
TL;DR: The highest b(scat) was associated with the dust storm event (April 17, 2009) over northern Iraq, eastern Syria, and southern Turkey; thus, resulting in high SSA during March-April compared to 0.93 ± 0.02 in October-February.
References
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Biomass Burning in the Tropics: Impact on Atmospheric Chemistry and Biogeochemical Cycles
TL;DR: Widespread burning of biomass serves to clear land for shifting cultivation, to convert forests to agricultural and pastoral lands, and to remove dry vegetation in order to promote agricultural productivity and the growth of higher yield grasses, but it may also disturb biogeochemical cycles, especially that of nitrogen.
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Estimates of gross and net fluxes of carbon between the biosphere and the atmosphere from biomass burning
Wolfgang Seiler,Paul J. Crutzen +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors estimated the global amounts of biomass which are affected by fires, and estimated an overall effect lof the biosphere on the atmospheric carbon dioxide budget which may range between the possibilities of a net uptake or a net release of about 2 Pg C/yr.
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Biomass burning as a source of atmospheric gases CO, H 2 , N 2 O, NO, CH 3 Cl and COS
Paul J. Crutzen,Leroy E. Heidt,Joseph P. Krasnec,W. H. Pollock,Wolfgang Seiler,Wolfgang Seiler +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that most biomass burning takes place in the tropics in the dry season and is caused by man's activities, which can contribute extensively to the budgets of several gases which are important in atmospheric chemistry.
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Soot Carbon and Excess Fine Potassium: Long-Range Transport of Combustion-Derived Aerosols
TL;DR: During a cruise from Hamburg to Montevideo, aerosol samples representing air masses from Europe, the Sahara, tropical Africa, South America, and open oceanic regions were collected and the ratio of soot carbon to fine carbon suggests that most of the particulate organic carbon over the Atlantic is of continental origin.
Global biomass burning: atmospheric, climatic, and biospheric implications.
TL;DR: The 1990 American Geophysical Union's Conference on Biochemical burning as discussed by the authors was attended by more than 175 participants representing 19 countries and discussed remote sensing data concerning biomass burning, gaseous and particle emissions resulting from BB in the tropics, BB in temperate and boreal ecosystems, the historic and prehistoric perspectives on BB, BB and global budgets for carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen, and the BB and the greenhouse effect.