Emission of trace gases and aerosols from biomass burning
Meinrat O. Andreae,P. Merlet +1 more
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In this article, the authors present a set of emission factors for a large variety of species emitted from biomass fires, where data were not available, they have proposed estimates based on appropriate extrapolation techniques.Abstract:
A large body of information on emissions from the various types of biomass burning has been accumulated over the past decade, to a large extent as a result of International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme/International Global Atmospheric Chemistry research activities. Yet this information has not been readily accessible to the atmospheric chemistry community because it was scattered over a large number of publications and reported in numerous different units and reference systems. We have critically evaluated the presently available data and integrated these into a consistent format. On the basis of this analysis we present a set of emission factors for a large variety of species emitted from biomass fires. Where data were not available, we have proposed estimates based on appropriate extrapolation techniques. We have derived global estimates of pyrogenic emissions for important species emitted by the various types of biomass burning and compared our estimates with results from inverse modeling studies.read more
Citations
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PM2.5, EC and OC in atmospheric outflow from the Indo-Gangetic Plain: Temporal variability and aerosol organic carbon-to-organic mass conversion factor
TL;DR: The aerosol composition over the Bay of Bengal shows striking similarity with the diagnostic ratios documented for the IGP-outflow, and relatively high conversion factor for assessing the mass of organic aerosols over theBay of Bengal provides evidence for their oxidation during long-range atmospheric transport.
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Analysis of black carbon and carbon monoxide observed over the Indian Ocean: Implications for emissions and photochemistry : Indian Ocean Experiment (INDOEX)
Russell R. Dickerson,Meinrat O. Andreae,Teresa Campos,Olga L. Mayol-Bracero,C. Neusuess,David G. Streets +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate ambient pollutant concentrations measured during the Indian Ocean Experiment (INDOEX), and estimate emissions to determine the origin, magnitude, and impacts of air pollution from South Asia and to understand better the uncertainty in emission inventories.
Journal ArticleDOI
Wildfires drive interannual variability of organic carbon aerosol in the western U.S. in summer
Dominick V. Spracklen,Jennifer A. Logan,Loretta J. Mickley,Rokjin J. Park,Rosemarie Yevich,Anthony L. Westerling,Daniel A. Jaffe +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors derived organic carbon (OC) emissions from wildfires using data for area burned for 1980-2004 and ecosystem specific fuel loadings, and estimated that the observed increase in wildfire activity after the mid 1980s has caused mean OC concentrations in summer over the western U.S. to increase by 30% relative to 1970-1984.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Coupled Aerosol and Tracer Transport model to the Brazilian developments on the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (CATT-BRAMS) – Part 2: Model sensitivity to the biomass burning inventories
Abstract: . We describe an estimation technique for biomass burning emissions in South America based on a combination of remote-sensing fire products and field observations, the Brazilian Biomass Burning Emission Model (3BEM). For each fire pixel detected by remote sensing, the mass of the emitted tracer is calculated based on field observations of fire properties related to the type of vegetation burning. The burnt area is estimated from the instantaneous fire size retrieved by remote sensing, when available, or from statistical properties of the burn scars. The sources are then spatially and temporally distributed and assimilated daily by the Coupled Aerosol and Tracer Transport model to the Brazilian developments on the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (CATT-BRAMS) in order to perform the prognosis of related tracer concentrations. Three other biomass burning inventories, including GFEDv2 and EDGAR, are simultaneously used to compare the emission strength in terms of the resultant tracer distribution. We also assess the effect of using the daily time resolution of fire emissions by including runs with monthly-averaged emissions. We evaluate the performance of the model using the different emission estimation techniques by comparing the model results with direct measurements of carbon monoxide both near-surface and airborne, as well as remote sensing derived products. The model results obtained using the 3BEM methodology of estimation introduced in this paper show relatively good agreement with the direct measurements and MOPITT data product, suggesting the reliability of the model at local to regional scales.
Journal ArticleDOI
Improved retrieval of global tropospheric formaldehyde columns from GOME-2/MetOp-A addressing noise reduction and instrumental degradation issues
I. De Smedt,M. Van Roozendael,Trissevgeni Stavrakou,Jean-François Müller,Christophe Lerot,Nicolas Theys,Pieter Valks,Nan Hao +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented a new dataset of formaldehyde vertical columns retrieved from observations of GOME-2 on board the EUMETSAT MetOp-A platform between 2007 and 2011.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Biomass Burning in the Tropics: Impact on Atmospheric Chemistry and Biogeochemical Cycles
TL;DR: Widespread burning of biomass serves to clear land for shifting cultivation, to convert forests to agricultural and pastoral lands, and to remove dry vegetation in order to promote agricultural productivity and the growth of higher yield grasses, but it may also disturb biogeochemical cycles, especially that of nitrogen.
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Estimates of gross and net fluxes of carbon between the biosphere and the atmosphere from biomass burning
Wolfgang Seiler,Paul J. Crutzen +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors estimated the global amounts of biomass which are affected by fires, and estimated an overall effect lof the biosphere on the atmospheric carbon dioxide budget which may range between the possibilities of a net uptake or a net release of about 2 Pg C/yr.
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Biomass burning as a source of atmospheric gases CO, H 2 , N 2 O, NO, CH 3 Cl and COS
Paul J. Crutzen,Leroy E. Heidt,Joseph P. Krasnec,W. H. Pollock,Wolfgang Seiler,Wolfgang Seiler +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that most biomass burning takes place in the tropics in the dry season and is caused by man's activities, which can contribute extensively to the budgets of several gases which are important in atmospheric chemistry.
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Soot Carbon and Excess Fine Potassium: Long-Range Transport of Combustion-Derived Aerosols
TL;DR: During a cruise from Hamburg to Montevideo, aerosol samples representing air masses from Europe, the Sahara, tropical Africa, South America, and open oceanic regions were collected and the ratio of soot carbon to fine carbon suggests that most of the particulate organic carbon over the Atlantic is of continental origin.
Global biomass burning: atmospheric, climatic, and biospheric implications.
TL;DR: The 1990 American Geophysical Union's Conference on Biochemical burning as discussed by the authors was attended by more than 175 participants representing 19 countries and discussed remote sensing data concerning biomass burning, gaseous and particle emissions resulting from BB in the tropics, BB in temperate and boreal ecosystems, the historic and prehistoric perspectives on BB, BB and global budgets for carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen, and the BB and the greenhouse effect.