Ethnic India: A Genomic View, With Special Reference to Peopling and Structure
Analabha Basu,Namita Mukherjee,Sangita Roy,Sanghamitra Sengupta,S. Banerjee,Madan Chakraborty,Badal Dey,M. Roy,Bidyut Roy,Nitai P. Bhattacharyya,Susanta Roychoudhury,Partha P. Majumder +11 more
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TLDR
A comprehensive statistical analysis of data on 58 DNA markers (mitochondrial [mt], Y-chromosomal, and autosomal) and sequence data of the mtHVS1 from a large number of ethnically diverse populations of India was performed by.Abstract:
We report a comprehensive statistical analysis of data on 58 DNA markers (mitochondrial [mt], Y-chromosomal, and autosomal) and sequence data of the mtHVS1 from a large number of ethnically diverse populations of India. Our results provide genomic evidence that (1) there is an underlying unity of female lineages in India, indicating that the initial number of female settlers may have been small; (2) the tribal and the caste populations are highly differentiated; (3) the Austro-Asiatic tribals are the earliest settlers in India, providing support to one anthropological hypothesis while refuting some others; (4) a major wave of humans entered India through the northeast; (5) the Tibeto-Burman tribals share considerable genetic commonalities with the Austro-Asiatic tribals, supporting the hypothesis that they may have shared a common habitat in southern China, but the two groups of tribals can be differentiated on the basis of Y-chromosomal haplotypes; (6) the Dravidian tribals were possibly widespread throughout India before the arrival of the Indo-European-speaking nomads, but retreated to southern India to avoid dominance; (7) formation of populations by fission that resulted in founder and drift effects have left their imprints on the genetic structures of contemporary populations; (8) the upper castes show closer genetic affinities with Central Asian populations, although those of southern India are more distant than those of northern India; (9) historical gene flow into India has contributed to a considerable obliteration of genetic histories of contemporary populations so that there is at present no clear congruence of genetic and geographical or sociocultural affinities.read more
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Reconstructing Indian Population History
TL;DR: It is predicted that there will be an excess of recessive diseases in India, which should be possible to screen and map genetically and is higher in traditionally upper caste and Indo-European speakers.
Journal ArticleDOI
How genetic is school myopia
Ian G. Morgan,Kathryn A. Rose +1 more
TL;DR: Overall, while there may be a small genetic contribution to school myopia, detectable under conditions of low environmental variation, environmental change appears to be the major factor increasing the prevalence of myopia around the world.
Journal ArticleDOI
Polarity and temporality of high-resolution y-chromosome distributions in India identify both indigenous and exogenous expansions and reveal minor genetic influence of Central Asian pastoralists.
Sanghamitra Sengupta,Lev A. Zhivotovsky,Roy J. King,S.Q. Mehdi,Christopher A. Edmonds,Cheryl-Emiliane T. Chow,Alice A. Lin,Mitashree Mitra,Samir Kumar Sil,Arabandi Ramesh,M. V. Usha Rani,Chitra M. Thakur,Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza,Partha P. Majumder,Peter A. Underhill +14 more
TL;DR: The reappraisal indicates that pre-Holocene and Holocene-era--not Indo-European--expansions have shaped the distinctive South Asian Y-chromosome landscape.
Journal ArticleDOI
Most of the extant mtDNA boundaries in South and Southwest Asia were likely shaped during the initial settlement of Eurasia by anatomically modern humans
Mait Metspalu,Toomas Kivisild,Ene Metspalu,Jüri Parik,Georgi Hudjashov,Katrin Kaldma,Piia Serk,Monika Karmin,Doron M. Behar,M. Thomas P. Gilbert,Phillip Endicott,Sarabjit S. Mastana,Surinder S. Papiha,Karl Skorecki,Antonio Torroni,Richard Villems +15 more
TL;DR: Analysis of the mtDNA haplogroups, which are shared between Indian and Iranian populations and exhibit coalescence ages corresponding to around the early Upper Paleolithic, indicates that they are present in India largely as Indian-specific sub-lineages.
Journal ArticleDOI
Phylogeny of Mitochondrial DNA Macrohaplogroup N in India, Based on Complete Sequencing: Implications for the Peopling of South Asia
Malliya Gounder Palanichamy,Malliya Gounder Palanichamy,Chang Sun,Chang Sun,Suraksha Agrawal,Hans-Jürgen Bandelt,Qing-Peng Kong,Qing-Peng Kong,Faisal Khan,Cheng-Ye Wang,Cheng-Ye Wang,Tapas Kumar Chaudhuri,Venkatramana Palla,Ya-Ping Zhang,Ya-Ping Zhang +14 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the Indian mt DNA pool, even when restricted to macrohaplogroup N, harbors at least as many deepest-branching lineages as the western Eurasian mtDNA pool.
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