Extracellular Matrix Molecules and their Receptors: Functions in Neural Development
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TLDR
This review focuses on cellular and molecular themes not emphasized in the previous one and includes examples of recent work on nonneural systems that illustrate probable future directions for research in the nervous system.Abstract:
The development of neurons and virtually all other cell types in the organism depends upon interactions with molecules in their environment. Studics of individual cell types have revealed tremendous diversity in the molecules that regulate the development of cells in the nervous system. These include chemotropic and trophic factors [e.g. nerve growth-factor (NGF) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)], cell adhesion molecules [e.g. the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) and N-cadherin], and molecules secreted into the extracellular matrix (ECM) [e.g. laminin (LN) and fibronectin (FN)]. Each class of molecule has now been shown to influence major steps in the development of the nervous system, including neuronal survival, determination, and migration; axonal growth and guidance; synapse formation; and glial differentiation. As molecules in the ECM influence all of these events and can be used to illustrate many of the principles derived from studies of the other classes of molecules, this review focuses upon constituents of the ECM and their receptors. The role of the ECM in neural development has recently been reviewed in this series (Sanes 1989). This review focuses on cellular and molecular themes not emphasized in the previous one and includes examples of recent work on nonneural systems that illustrate probable future directions for research in the nervous system.
Recent reviews on the composition and function of the ECM and its receptors include those of Hynes (1990), Hemler (1990), Kishimoto et al (1989), Plow & Ginsberg (1989), Burgeson (1988), Buck & Horowitz (1987), McDonald (1988), Ruoslahti (1988, 1989), Fessler & Fessler (1989), and Erickson & Bourdon (1989). Reviews focusing on aspects of ECM function in neural development include those by Lander (1989), Sanes (1989), and Edgar (1989). Because of space limitations, only representative examples and references are cited in this review.read more
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Contact and adhesive specificities in the associations, migrations, and targeting of cells and axons
TL;DR: Current ideas concerning the roles of cell adhesion molecules and cell interactions are discussed, both in development and in several physiological and pathological processes, attempting to highlight the general features and commonalities and presenting working hypotheses.
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The Laminin α Chains: Expression, Developmental Transitions, and Chromosomal Locations of α1-5, Identification of Heterotrimeric Laminins 8–11, and Cloning of a Novel α3 Isoform
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TL;DR: Interspecific backcross mapping of the five α chain genes revealed that they are distributed on four mouse chromosomes, and a novel full-length α3 isoform was identified by the Lama3 gene, which was previously believed to encode only truncated chains.
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