Open Access
Foxp3) regulatory T cells in human visceral leishmaniasis
Susanne Nylén,Radheshyam Maurya,Liv Eidsmo,Krishna Das Manandhar,Shyam Sundar,David B. Sacks +5 more
TLDR
The most severe form of leishmanial disease, kala-azar, is a chronic infectious disease characterized by fever, enlargement of the spleen and liver, weight loss, anemia, and leucopenia as mentioned in this paper.Abstract:
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), or kala-azar, the most severe form of leishmanial disease, is a chronic infectious disease characterized by fever, enlargement of the spleen and liver, weight loss, anemia, and leucopenia. If left untreated, VL is generally fatal. Most cases of kala-azar occur in India, Sudan, Nepal, and Bangladesh, where it is caused by the trans mission ofread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
IL-10: The Master Regulator of Immunity to Infection
TL;DR: The biology of IL-10, its cellular sources, and its role in viral, bacterial, and protozoal infections are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Visceral leishmaniasis: what are the needs for diagnosis, treatment and control?
François Chappuis,François Chappuis,Shyam Sundar,Asrat Hailu,H. W. Ghalib,Suman Rijal,Rosanna W. Peeling,Jorge Alvar,Marleen Boelaert +8 more
TL;DR: Millefosine, paromomycin and liposomal amphotericin B are gradually replacing pentavalent antimonials and conventional amphoteric in B as the preferred treatments in some regions, but in other areas these drugs are still being evaluated in both mono- and combination therapies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Regulatory T Cell-Derived Interleukin-10 Limits Inflammation at Environmental Interfaces
Yuri P. Rubtsov,Jeffrey P. Rasmussen,Emil Y. Chi,Jason D. Fontenot,Luca Castelli,Xin Ye,Piper M. Treuting,Lisa Siewe,Axel Roers,William R. Henderson,Werner Müller,Alexander Y. Rudensky +11 more
TL;DR: This study suggests that Treg cells utilize multiple means to limit immune responses, and these mechanisms are likely to be nonredundant, in that a distinct suppressor mechanism most likely plays a prominent and identifiable role at a particular tissue and inflammatory setting.
Journal ArticleDOI
Leishmaniasis: complexity at the host–pathogen interface
Paul M. Kaye,Phillip Scott +1 more
TL;DR: Recent evidence suggests that each host–pathogen combination evokes different solutions to the problems of parasite establishment, survival and persistence in Leishmania spp.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interleukin-10 and the pathogenesis of human visceral leishmaniasis.
Susanne Nylén,David B. Sacks +1 more
TL;DR: The studies with relevance to immune responses in human VL are reviewed and the central role that IL-10 might have in the pathogenesis of VL and as a target for immune-based therapy is highlighted.
References
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TL;DR: Findings that have advanced the understanding of IL-10 and its receptor are highlighted, as well as its in vivo function in health and disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Regulatory T Cell Lineage Specification by the Forkhead Transcription Factor Foxp3
Jason D. Fontenot,Jeffrey P. Rasmussen,Luke M. Williams,James Dooley,Andrew G. Farr,Alexander Y. Rudensky +5 more
TL;DR: Analysis of Foxp3 expression during thymic development suggests that this mechanism is not hard-wired but is dependent on TCR/MHC ligand interactions, and it is shown that expression ofFoxp3 is highly restricted to the subset alphabeta of T cells and, irrespective of CD25 expression, correlates with suppressor activity.
Journal ArticleDOI
CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells control Leishmania major persistence and immunity
Yasmine Belkaid,Yasmine Belkaid,Ciriaco A. Piccirillo,Susana Mendez,Ethan M. Shevach,David L. Sacks +5 more
TL;DR: It is shown that the persistence of Leishmania major in the skin after healing in resistant C57BL/6 mice is controlled by an endogenous population of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells, indicating that the equilibrium established between effector and regulatory T Cells in sites of chronic infection might reflect both parasite and host survival strategies.
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Type 1 T regulatory cells.
TL;DR: The use of Tr1 cells to identify novel targets for the development of new therapeutic agents, and as a cellular therapy to modulate peripheral tolerance, can be foreseen.
Journal ArticleDOI
Regulatory T cells: friend or foe in immunity to infection.
TL;DR: The possibility that regulatory T cells can be both beneficial to the host, through limiting the immunopathology associated with anti-pathogen immune responses, and beneficial toThe pathogen, through subversion of the protective immune responses of the host is explored.
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