Journal ArticleDOI
Gas-phase production of carbon single-walled nanotubes from carbon monoxide via the HiPco process: A parametric study
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TLDR
The HiPco process has been used to produce high-purity carbon single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) using a gas-phase chemical-vapor-deposition process as mentioned in this paper.Abstract:
We have demonstrated large-scale production (10 g/day) of high-purity carbon single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) using a gas-phase chemical-vapor-deposition process we call the HiPco process. SWNTs grow in high-pressure (30–50 atm), high-temperature (900–1100 °C) flowing CO on catalytic clusters of iron. The clusters are formed in situ: Fe is added to the gas flow in the form of Fe(CO)5. Upon heating, the Fe(CO)5 decomposes and the iron atoms condense into clusters. These clusters serve as catalytic particles upon which SWNT nucleate and grow (in the gas phase) via CO disproportionation: CO+CO⇒CO2+C(SWNT). SWNT material of up to 97 mol % purity has been produced at rates of up to 450 mg/h. The HiPco process has been studied and optimized with respect to a number of process parameters including temperature, pressure, and catalyst concentration. The behavior of the SWNT yield with respect to various parameters sheds light on the processes that currently limit SWNT production, and suggests ways that the producti...read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Band gap fluorescence from individual single-walled carbon nanotubes.
Michael J. O'Connell,Sergei M. Bachilo,Chad B. Huffman,Valerie C. Moore,Michael S. Strano,Erik H. Haroz,Kristy L. Rialon,Peter J. Boul,William H. Noon,Carter Kittrell,Jianpeng Ma,Jianpeng Ma,Robert H. Hauge,R. Bruce Weisman,Richard E. Smalley +14 more
TL;DR: At pH less than 5, the absorption and emission spectra of individual nanotubes show evidence of band gap–selective protonation of the side walls of the tube, which is readily reversed by treatment with base or ultraviolet light.
Journal ArticleDOI
DNA-assisted dispersion and separation of carbon nanotubes.
Ming Zheng,Anand Jagota,E. D. Semke,Bruce A. Diner,Robert S. Mclean,Steve R. Lustig,Raymond E Richardson,Nancy G. Tassi +7 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that DNA-coated carbon nanotubes can be separated into fractions with different electronic structures by ion-exchange chromatography, and opens the door to carbon-nanotube-based applications in biotechnology.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pulmonary Toxicity of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes in Mice 7 and 90 Days After Intratracheal Instillation
TL;DR: Results show that, for the test conditions described here and on an equal-weight basis, if carbon nanotubes reach the lungs, they are much more toxic than carbon black and can be more Toxic than quartz, which is considered a serious occupational health hazard in chronic inhalation exposures.
Journal ArticleDOI
Carbon nanotube composites for thermal management
Michael J. Biercuk,M. C. Llaguno,Marko Radosavljevic,J. K Hyun,Alan T. Johnson,John E. Fischer +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were used to augment the thermal transport properties of industrial epoxy composites and showed a 70% increase in thermal conductivity at 40 K, rising to 125% at room temperature; the enhancement due to 1 wt'% loading of vapor grown carbon fibers was three times smaller.
Journal ArticleDOI
Individually suspended single-walled carbon nanotubes in various surfactants
Valerie C. Moore,Michael S. Strano,Erik H. Haroz,Robert H. Hauge,Richard E. Smalley,Judith Schmidt,Yeshayahu Talmon +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, individual single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) have been suspended in aqueous media using various anionic, cationic, nonionic surfactants and polymers.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Single-shell carbon nanotubes of 1-nm diameter
Sumio Iijima,Toshinari Ichihashi +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reported the synthesis of abundant single-shell tubes with diameters of about one nanometre, whereas the multi-shell nanotubes are formed on the carbon cathode.
Journal ArticleDOI
Crystalline Ropes of Metallic Carbon Nanotubes
Andreas Thess,R. S. Lee,Pavel Nikolaev,Hongjie Dai,Pierre Petit,J. Robert,Chunhui Xu,Young Hee Lee,Seong-Gon Kim,Andrew G. Rinzler,Daniel T. Colbert,Gustavo E. Scuseria,David Tománek,John E. Fischer,Richard E. Smalley +14 more
TL;DR: X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy showed that fullerene single-wall nanotubes (SWNTs) are nearly uniform in diameter and that they self-organize into “ropes,” which consist of 100 to 500 SWNTs in a two-dimensional triangular lattice with a lattice constant of 17 angstroms.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cobalt-catalysed growth of carbon nanotubes with single-atomic-layer walls
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that covaporizing carbon and cobalt in an arc generator leads to the formation of carbon nanotubes which all have very small diameters (about 1.2 nm) and walls only a single atomic layer thick.
Journal ArticleDOI
Large-scale production of single-walled carbon nanotubes by the electric-arc technique
Catherine Journet,Wolfgang K. Maser,Patrick Bernier,A. Loiseau,M. Lamy de la Chapelle,Serge Lefrant,Philippe Deniard,R. S. Lee,John E. Fischer +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the growth mechanism for SWNTs must be independent of the details of the technique used to make them, and that the ready availability of large amounts of SWNT can make them much more accessible for further study.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gas-phase catalytic growth of single-walled carbon nanotubes from carbon monoxide
Pavel Nikolaev,Michael J. Bronikowski,R. Kelley Bradley,Frank Rohmund,Daniel T. Colbert,Kenneth A. Smith,Richard E. Smalley +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) have been produced in a gas-phase catalytic process, where catalysts for SWNT growth form in situ by thermal decomposition of iron pentacarbonyl in a heated flow of carbon monoxide at pressures of 1-10 atm and temperatures of 800-1200°C.