Journal ArticleDOI
Genome instability: a mechanistic view of its causes and consequences
TLDR
The causes and consequences of instability are reviewed with the aim of providing a mechanistic perspective on the origin of genomic instability.Abstract:
Genomic instability in the form of mutations and chromosome rearrangements is usually associated with pathological disorders, and yet it is also crucial for evolution. Two types of elements have a key role in instability leading to rearrangements: those that act in trans to prevent instability--among them are replication, repair and S-phase checkpoint factors--and those that act in cis--chromosomal hotspots of instability such as fragile sites and highly transcribed DNA sequences. Taking these elements as a guide, we review the causes and consequences of instability with the aim of providing a mechanistic perspective on the origin of genomic instability.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
A review of plant epigenetics through the lens of almond.
Jonathan Fresnedo-Ramírez,Elizabeth Sara Anderson,Katherine M. D’Amico-Willman,Thomas M. Gradziel +3 more
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors provide an understanding of epigenetic regulation in plants and use almond as an example of how advances in epigenetics research can be used to understand biological fitness and agricultural performance in crop plants.
Book ChapterDOI
Nutrition and Cancer
TL;DR: The aim of this chapter is to provide a general overview of the effects of nutrition on cancer-promoting mechanisms and its contribution to cancer therapeutic regimens, as well as its supportive role in cancer survivors.
Journal ArticleDOI
The effect of DNA repair gene variants on COVID-19 disease: susceptibility, severity, and clinical course
Naci Senkal,Istemi Serin,Sacide Pehlivan,Mustafa Pehlivan,Alpay Medetalibeyoglu,Timurhan Cebeci,Hilal Konyaoglu,Yasemin Oyaci,G. Y. Sayın,U. Isoglu-Alkac,T. Tukek,Murat Kose +11 more
TL;DR: In this article , the role of DNA repair gene variants [X-ray repair cross complementing 4 (XRCC4) rs28360071, rs6869366, and X-ray cross-complementary gene 1 (X RCC1) rs25487] in susceptibility to Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a Turkish population was evaluated.
Investigating the functional coupling between Rad50 ATP active sites
TL;DR: The hypothesis that the MR complex acts as a motor protein that requires coordination between ATP sites for processive nuclease activity in Rad50 is supported.
References
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Book
DNA Repair and Mutagenesis
TL;DR: Nucleotide excision repair in mammalian cells: genes and proteins Mismatch repair The SOS response and recombinational repair in prokaryotes Mutagenesis in proKaryote Mutagenisation in eukaryotes Other DNA damage tolerance responses in eUKaryotes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Instability and decay of the primary structure of DNA
TL;DR: The spontaneous decay of DNA is likely to be a major factor in mutagenesis, carcinogenesis and ageing, and also sets limits for the recovery of DNA fragments from fossils.
Journal ArticleDOI
DNA Double-stranded Breaks Induce Histone H2AX Phosphorylation on Serine 139
TL;DR: In this paper, a histone H2AX species that has been phosphorylated specifically at serine 139 was found to be a major component of DNA double-stranded break.
Journal ArticleDOI
ATM Phosphorylates Histone H2AX in Response to DNA Double-strand Breaks
TL;DR: The results clearly establish ATM as the major kinase involved in the phosphorylation of H2AX and suggest that ATM is one of the earliest kinases to be activated in the cellular response to double-strand breaks.
Journal ArticleDOI
Activation of the DNA damage checkpoint and genomic instability in human precancerous lesions
Vassilis G. Gorgoulis,Leandros-Vassilios F. Vassiliou,Panagiotis Karakaidos,Panayotis Zacharatos,Athanassios Kotsinas,Triantafillos Liloglou,Monica Venere,Richard A. DiTullio,Nikolaos G. Kastrinakis,Brynn Levy,Dimitris Kletsas,Akihiro Yoneta,Meenhard Herlyn,Christos Kittas,Thanos D. Halazonetis,Thanos D. Halazonetis +15 more
TL;DR: A panel of human lung hyperplasias, all of which retained wild-type p53 genes and had no signs of gross chromosomal instability, and found signs of a DNA damage response, including histone H2AX and Chk2 phosphorylation, p53 accumulation, focal staining of p53 binding protein 1 (53BP1) and apoptosis as discussed by the authors.