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H2S Signals Through Protein S-Sulfhydration

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TLDR
Ex vivo endogenous H2S physiologically modifies cysteine residues in many proteins, including glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and actin, converting Cysteine -SH groups to -SSH groups in a process the authors call S-sulfhydration.
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a messenger molecule generated by cystathionine gamma-lyase, acts as a physiologic vasorelaxant. Mechanisms whereby H2S signals have been elusive. We now show that H2S physiologically modifies cysteines in a large number of proteins by S-sulfhydration. About 10 to 25% of many liver proteins, including actin, tubulin, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), are sulfhydrated under physiological conditions. Sulfhydration augments GAPDH activity and enhances actin polymerization. Sulfhydration thus appears to be a physiologic posttranslational modification for proteins.

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Interactome of Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Points to the Existence of Metabolons in Paracoccidioides lutzii.

TL;DR: This is the first approach performed on the Paracoccidioides genus regarding the description of PPIs having GAPDH as a target and found GAPDh participating in complexes with proteins of specific pathways, indicating the existence of a glycolytic and a TCA metabolon in P. lutzii.
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New aspects of antiproliferative activity of 4-hydroxybenzyl isothiocyanate, a natural H2S-donor

TL;DR: It seems that the induction of p21 protein level is mediated in SH-SY5Y cells by p53-independent mechanisms, and HBITC-treatment caused downregulation of the level of mitochondrial rhodanese and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase, and consequently increased the level.
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Dual Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide Donor on Meiosis and Cumulus Expansion of Porcine Cumulus-Oocyte Complexes

TL;DR: The results suggest that the H2S donor influences oocytes maturation and thus also participates in the regulation of cumulus expansion, resulting in faster oocyte maturation with little need ofcumulus expansion.
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Cysteine Aminotransferase (CAT): A Pivotal Sponsor in Metabolic Remodeling and an Ally of 3-Mercaptopyruvate Sulfurtransferase (MST) in Cancer.

TL;DR: The current state-of-art on CAT function and its role on cancer cell metabolic rewiring as MST partner, and its relevance in cancer cells’ fitness are explored.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

H2S as a Physiologic Vasorelaxant: Hypertension in Mice with Deletion of Cystathionine γ-Lyase

TL;DR: It is shown that H2S is physiologically generated by cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) and that genetic deletion of this enzyme in mice markedly reduces H 2S levels in the serum, heart, aorta, and other tissues.
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Protein S-nitrosylation: purview and parameters.

TL;DR: S-nitrosylation conveys a large part of the ubiquitous influence of nitric oxide on cellular signal transduction, and provides a mechanism for redox-based physiological regulation.
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The vasorelaxant effect of H2S as a novel endogenous gaseous KATP channel opener

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that H2S is an important endogenous vasoactive factor and the first identified gaseous opener of KATP channels in vascular SMCs and production from vascular tissues was enhanced by nitric oxide.
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Hydrogen sulphide and its therapeutic potential

TL;DR: The physiology and biochemistry of H2S is overviews, the effects of H 2S inhibitors or H2s donors in animal models of disease are summarized, the potential options for the therapeutic exploitation of H1S are outlined and they are outlined.
Journal ArticleDOI

Protein S-nitrosylation: a physiological signal for neuronal nitric oxide.

TL;DR: Protein S-nitrosylation is established as a physiological signalling mechanism for neuronally generated NO in mice harbouring a genomic deletion of neuronal NO synthase (nNOS).
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