Journal ArticleDOI
Homocysteine and its Derivatives as Possible Modulators of Neuronal and Non-Neuronal Cell Glutamate Receptors in Alzheimer's Disease
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TLDR
It is proposed that selective agonists of metabotropic glutamate receptors that counter the effects of HC and its derivatives may be used for correction of neuronal and immune cell metabolism in vivo under the conditions of hyperhomocysteinemia, which can occur in AD.Abstract:
Homocysteine (HC) and its derivatives may be involved in the etiology of Alzheimer's Disease (AD), although the precise mechanisms by which these compounds could cause cellular pathology are still unclear. Because interactions of HC with glutamate receptors have been implicated in AD, receptor-mediated effects of HC and homocysteic acid (HCA) on neurons and lymphocytes have been analyzed. Activation of glutamate receptors by these compounds has been shown to increase intracellular calcium and free radical levels in both types of cells, which may serve as a signal for development of apoptosis. Activation of group III metabotropic glutamate receptors stimulates, whereas activation of group I and group II metabotropic glutamate receptors prevent, the excitotoxic action of HC and HCA. These effects may contribute to the neuronal pathology and immunosenescence that occur in AD. It is proposed that selective agonists of metabotropic glutamate receptors that counter the effects of HC and its derivatives may be used for correction of neuronal and immune cell metabolism in vivo under the conditions of hyperhomocysteinemia, which can occur in AD.read more
Citations
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Nutritional modulation of cognitive function and mental health.
TL;DR: This work provides a model for the pathways by which food components provided by a Mediterranean-style diet can facilitate healthy brain function and review evidence for the role of selected nutrients/food components in the brain and, hence, modulation of cognitive function and mental health.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reduced folic acid, vitamin B12 and docosahexaenoic acid and increased homocysteine and cortisol in never-medicated schizophrenia patients: implications for altered one-carbon metabolism.
Anvita Kale,Nilesh M Naphade,Swati Sapkale,Marellasv Kamaraju,Anilkumar Pillai,Sadhana Joshi,Sahebarao P. Mahadik +6 more
TL;DR: A broader mechanism (disturbed folic acid-vitamin B12-DHA balance) of altered one-carbon metabolism and one of its key consequential components, an increased homocysteine level that together with cortisol, can contribute to the neuropathology of psychosis is provided.
Journal ArticleDOI
Is hyperhomocysteinemia an Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk factor, an AD marker, or neither?
TL;DR: This review summarizes reports on the relationship between HHcy and AD from epidemiological investigations, including observational studies and randomized controlled clinical trials, and examines recent in vivo and in vitro studies of potential mechanisms whereby HHcy could influence AD development.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hyperhomocysteinemia as a Risk Factor and Potential Nutraceutical Target for Certain Pathologies.
TL;DR: Interestingly, several observations indicate that the calibrated assumption of correct doses of vitamins such as folic acid,itamin B6, vitamin B12, and betaine may control HHCys-related conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neuroprotective effects of polysaccharides from wolfberry, the fruits of Lycium barbarum, against homocysteine-induced toxicity in rat cortical neurons.
TL;DR: The data demonstrated that LBA exerted neuroprotective effects on cortical neurons exposed to Hcy, which has the potential to be a diseasemodifying agent for the prevention of AD.
References
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Metabotropic glutamate receptors: electrophysiological properties and role in plasticity
TL;DR: The role of mGluRs in LTP induction continues to be a source of dispute, and resolution of the question of the exact involvement of m GluR in the induction of LTP will have to await the production of more selective ligands and of selective gene knockouts.
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Brain hydrogen sulfide is severely decreased in Alzheimer's disease.
TL;DR: Observations suggest that CBS activity is reduced in AD brains and the decrease in H2S may be involved in some aspects of the cognitive decline in AD.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hyperhomocyst(e)inemia as a Risk Factor for Occlusive Vascular Disease
TL;DR: In vitro Studies of Vascular Damage and Thromboembolism in Hyperhomocyst( e)inemia: the in vitro Studies are presented.