Journal ArticleDOI
Identification and functional analysis of candidate genes regulating mesenchymal stem cell self-renewal and multipotency.
TLDR
It is demonstrated that fully differentiated hMSCs could dedifferentiate, a likely critical step for transdifferentiation, and a number of “stemness” and “differentiation” genes that might be essential to maintain adult stem cell multipotency as well as to drive lineage‐specific commitment are identified.Abstract:
Adult human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) possess multilineage differentiation potential, and differentiated hMSCs have recently been shown to have the ability to transdifferentiate into other lineages. However, the molecular signature of hMSCs is not well-known, and the mechanisms regulating their self-renewal, differentiation, and transdifferentiation are not completely understood. In this study, we demonstrate that fully differentiated hMSCs could dedifferentiate, a likely critical step for transdifferentiation. By comparing the global gene expression profiles of undifferentiated, differentiated, and dedifferentiation cells in three mesenchymal lineages (osteogenesis, chondrogenesis, and adipogenesis), we identified a number of "stemness" and "differentiation" genes that might be essential to maintain adult stem cell multipotency as well as to drive lineage-specific commitment. These genes include those that encode cell surface molecules, as well as components of signaling pathways. These genes may be valuable for developing methods to isolate, enrich, and purify homogeneous population of hMSCs and/or maintain and propagate hMSCs as well as guide or regulate their differentiation for gene and cell-based therapy. Using small interfering RNA gene inactivation, we demonstrate that five genes (actin filament-associated protein, frizzled 7, dickkopf 3, protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor F, and RAB3B) promote cell survival without altering cell proliferation, as well as exhibiting different effects on the commitment of hMSCs into multiple mesenchymal lineages.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization of the Apical Papilla and Its Residing Stem Cells from Human Immature Permanent Teeth: A Pilot Study
Wataru Sonoyama,Yi Liu,Takayoshi Yamaza,Rocky S. Tuan,Songlin Wang,Songtao Shi,George T.-J. Huang +6 more
TL;DR: The apical papilla is distinctive to the pulp in terms of containing less cellular and vascular components than those in the pulp, and both SCAP and DPSCs were as potent in osteo/dentinogenic differentiation as MSCs from bone marrows, whereas they were weaker in adipogenic potential.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mesenchymal stromal cells. Biology of adult mesenchymal stem cells: regulation of niche, self-renewal and differentiation
TL;DR: Recent advances in understanding the cellular and molecular signaling pathways and global transcriptional regulators of adult mesenchymal stem cells have provided new insights into their biology and potential clinical applications, particularly for tissue repair and regeneration.
Journal ArticleDOI
PDGF, TGF-beta, and FGF signaling is important for differentiation and growth of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs): transcriptional profiling can identify markers and signaling pathways important in differentiation of MSCs into adipogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic lineages.
Felicia Soo Lee Ng,Shayne Boucher,Susie Koh,Konduru S. R. Sastry,Lucas G. Chase,Uma Lakshmipathy,Cleo Choong,Zheng Yang,Mohan C. Vemuri,Mahendra S. Rao,Vivek Tanavde +10 more
TL;DR: This study illustrates it is possible to predict signaling pathways active in cellular differentiation and growth using microarray data and experimentally verify these predictions.
Biology of adult mesenchymal stem cells: regulation of niche, self-renewal and differentiation
TL;DR: Recent advances in understanding the cellular and molecular signaling pathways and global transcriptional regulators of adult mesenchymal stem cells have provided new insights into their biology and potential clinical applications, particularly for tissue repair and regeneration.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells: historical overview and concepts.
TL;DR: The set of data leads to the conclusion that bone marrow MSCs constitute a specific adult tissue stem cell population and account for the versatility of the mechanisms of injured tissue repair.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Pluripotency of mesenchymal stem cells derived from adult marrow
Yuehua Jiang,Balkrishna N. Jahagirdar,R. Lee Reinhardt,Robert E. Schwartz,C. Dirk Keene,Xilma R. Ortiz-Gonzalez,Morayma Reyes,Todd Lenvik,Troy C. Lund,Mark Blackstad,Jingbo Du,Sara Aldrich,Aaron Lisberg,Walter C. Low,David A. Largaespada,Catherine M. Verfaillie +15 more
TL;DR: It is reported here that cells co-purifying with mesenchymal stem cells—termed here multipotent adult progenitor cells or MAPCs—differentiate, at the single cell level, not only into meschymal cells, but also cells with visceral mesoderm, neuroectoderm and endoderm characteristics in vitro.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mesenchymal Stem Cells
TL;DR: The bone marrow contains multipotent MSC, which can be easily isolated and cultured in vitro, and the possibility of their clinical use in cell and gene therapy is analyzed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Defining the epithelial stem cell niche in skin.
Tudorita Tumbar,Géraldine Guasch,Valentina Greco,Cédric Blanpain,William E. Lowry,Michael Rendl,Elaine Fuchs +6 more
TL;DR: It is found that these cells rarely divide within their niche but change properties abruptly when stimulated to exit, and their transcriptional profile is determined, which, when compared to progeny and other SCs, defines the niche.
Journal ArticleDOI
Socializing with the Neighbors: Stem Cells and Their Niche
TL;DR: This review, which examines adult stem cell niches and their impact on stem cell biology, highlights the importance of understanding how stem cells interact with their microenvironment to establish and maintain their properties.
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"Stemness": Transcriptional Profiling of Embryonic and Adult Stem Cells
TL;DR: The transcriptional profiles of mouse embryonic, neural, and hematopoietic stem cells were compared to define a genetic program for stem cells and provide a foundation for a more detailed understanding of stem cell biology.