Journal ArticleDOI
Invertebrate gerontology: the age mutations of Caenorhabditis elegans.
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TLDR
Rather than invertebrate ageing being determined by a ‘clock mechanism’, a picture is emerging of ageing as a non‐adaptive process determined, in part, by resistance to intrinsic stress mediated by stress‐response genes.Abstract:
Ageing is a complex phenomenon which remains a major challenge to modern biology. Although the evolutionary biology of ageing is well understood, the mechanisms that limit lifespan are unknown. The isolation and analysis of single-gene mutations which extend lifespan (Age mutations) is likely to reveal processes which influence ageing. Caenorhabditis elegans is the only metazoan in which Age mutations have been identified. The Age mutations not only prolong life, but also confer a complex array of other phenotypes. Some of these phenotypes provide clues to the evolutionary origins of these genes while others allude to mechanisms of lifespan-extension. Many of the Age genes interact and share a second common phenotype, that of stress resistance. Rather than invertebrate ageing being determined by a 'clock mechanism', a picture is emerging of ageing as a non-adaptive process determined, in part, by resistance to intrinsic stress mediated by stress-response genes.read more
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Heat-shock proteins, molecular chaperones, and the stress response: evolutionary and ecological physiology
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Phosphoinositide 3-kinases: a conserved family of signal transducers.
TL;DR: Phosphoinositide 3-kinases generate lipids that are implicated in receptor-stimulated signalling and in the regulation of membrane traffic and their potential signalling pathways have been elucidated and PI3K function is now being characterised in several model organisms.
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The role of oxidative damage and stress in aging.
TL;DR: The most direct test of the Free Radical/Oxidative Stress Theory of Aging is to specifically alter the age-related increase in oxidative damage and determine how this alteration affects life span.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genotype-environment interaction for quantitative trait loci affecting life span in Drosophila melanogaster.
Cristina Vieira,Elena G. Pasyukova,Elena G. Pasyukova,Zhao-Bang Zeng,J. B. Hackett,Richard F. Lyman,Trudy F. C. Mackay +6 more
TL;DR: The nature of genetic variation for Drosophila longevity in a population of recombinant inbred lines was investigated, providing support for the pleiotropy theory of senescence and the hypothesis that variation for longevity might be maintained by opposing selection pressures in males and females and variable environments.
Journal ArticleDOI
Type 5 Adenylyl Cyclase Disruption Increases Longevity and Protects Against Stress
Lin Yan,Dorothy E. Vatner,J. Patrick O'Connor,Andreas S. Ivessa,Hui Ge,Wei Chen,Shinichi Hirotani,Yoshihiro Ishikawa,Junichi Sadoshima,Stephen F. Vatner +9 more
TL;DR: A significant activation of the Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway and upregulation of cell protective molecules, including superoxide dismutase are demonstrated and suggest that AC is a fundamentally important mechanism regulating lifespan and stress resistance.
References
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Detection ofdeletions inthemitochondrial genome of Caenorhabditis elegans
TL;DR: In this article, an aging population of Caenorhabditis elegans was examined via a PCR assay to determine if deletions inthemitochondrial genome occur in the nematode.
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Detection of deletions in the mitochondrial genome of Caenorhabditis elegans
TL;DR: An aging population of Caenorhabditis elegans is examined via a PCR assay to determine if deletions in the mitochondrial genome occur in the nematode, and direct repeats of 4-8 base pairs are discovered at the site of all four deletions.
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Responses of dauerlarvae of Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematoda: Rhabditidae) to thermal stress and oxygen deprivation
TL;DR: Dauerlarvae exhibit behavior changes which are suggestive of emergence from the dauerlarval stage, and differences in thermal tolerance and oxygen deprivation are investigated.
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Age-related alteration of enolase in the free-living nematode, Turbatrix aceti
TL;DR: The results support the idea that “old” enolase consists of active and partially active molecules, or perhaps entirely of the latter, rather than a mixture ofactive and inactive molecules.