Open Access
Large Carbon Uptake by an Unmanaged 250 year-old Deciduous Forest in Central Germany
Alexander Knohl,Ernst Detlef Schulze,Olaf Kolle,Nina Buchmann +3 more
- Vol. 2002
TLDR
In this article, the authors performed continuous eddy covariance measurements of carbon dioxide over an unmanaged beech forest in the Hainich National Park in Central Germany as part of the EU project CARBOEUROFLUX.Abstract:
Unmanaged forests at a late stage of successional development are considered to be insignificant as carbon sinks, since in theory, assimilation is thought to be balanced by respiration. However, little experimental evidence for this hypothesis exists so far for forests at the ecosystem level. Therefore, we performed continuous eddy covariance measurements of carbon dioxide over an unmanaged beech forest in the Hainich National Park in Central Germany as part of the EU project CARBOEUROFLUX. This forest shows typical characteristics of an ‘advanced’ forest with large dead wood pools, a diverse stand structure and a wide tree age class distribution, up to 250 years. This forest was a large carbon sink over 2 years, with 494 g C m −2 per year in 2000 and 49 0gCm −2 per year in 2001. Daytime summer fluxes were strongly controlled by photosynthetic photon flux density ( R 2 = 0.7–0.9), with minor effects of the ratio of diffuse to total downward radiation or the vapor pressure deficit. Nighttime CO 2 fluxes were mainly controlled by soil temperature ( R 2 = 0.8) and soil moisture. In addition, high nighttime CO2 fluxes (4–6 mol m −2 s −1 ) were found directly before and during bud break in spring as well as just after leaf fall of both years (2000 and 2001), reflecting stand physiology corresponding to phenological changes, independent of soil temperature. Additional wind profile measurements at five heights within the canopy revealed a decoupling of above and below canopy air flow under conditions of low friction velocity ( u ∗ < 0. 4ms −1 ), probably indicating down slope drainage. In conclusion, unmanaged forests at a comparatively late stage of successional development can still act as significant carbon sinks with large implications for forest management practice and negotiations about biological sinks within the Kyoto Protocol. © 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
On the Separation of Net Ecosystem Exchange into Assimilation and Ecosystem Respiration: Review and Improved Algorithm
Markus Reichstein,Eva Falge,Dennis D. Baldocchi,Dario Papale,Marc Aubinet,Paul Berbigier,Christian Bernhofer,Nina Buchmann,Nina Buchmann,Tagir G. Gilmanov,A. Granier,Thomas Grünwald,Katka Havránková,Hannu Ilvesniemi,Dalibor Janouš,Alexander Knohl,Alexander Knohl,Tuomas Laurila,Annalea Lohila,Denis Loustau,Giorgio Matteucci,Tilden P. Meyers,Franco Miglietta,Jean-Marc Ourcival,Jukka Pumpanen,Serge Rambal,Eyal Rotenberg,María José Sanz,John Tenhunen,G. Seufert,Francesco Primo Vaccari,Timo Vesala,Dan Yakir,Riccardo Valentini +33 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyse the effect of extrapolation of night-time values of ecosystem respiration into the daytime; this is usually done with a temperature response function that is derived from long-term data sets.
Journal ArticleDOI
Old-growth forests as global carbon sinks.
Sebastiaan Luyssaert,Ernst Detlef Schulze,Annett Börner,Alexander Knohl,Dominik Hessenmöller,Beverly E. Law,Philippe Ciais,John Grace +7 more
TL;DR: The results demonstrate that old-growth forests can continue to accumulate carbon, contrary to the long-standing view that they are carbon neutral, and suggest that 15 per cent of the global forest area, which is currently not considered when offsetting increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, provides at least 10 per cent the global net ecosystem productivity.
Journal ArticleDOI
GLEAM v3: satellite-based land evaporation and root-zone soil moisture
Brecht Martens,Diego G. Miralles,Diego G. Miralles,Hans Lievens,Hans Lievens,Robin van der Schalie,Richard de Jeu,Diego Fernández-Prieto,Hylke E. Beck,Wouter Dorigo,Wouter Dorigo,Niko E. C. Verhoest +11 more
TL;DR: The Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model (GLEAM) as discussed by the authors is a set of algorithms dedicated to the estimation of terrestrial evaporation and root-zone soil moisture from satellite data.
Journal ArticleDOI
Towards a standardized processing of Net Ecosystem Exchange measured with eddy covariance technique: algorithms and uncertainty estimation
Dario Papale,Markus Reichstein,Marc Aubinet,E. Canfora,Christian Bernhofer,Werner L. Kutsch,Bernard Longdoz,Serge Rambal,R. Valentini,Timo Vesala,Dan Yakir +10 more
TL;DR: In this article, a new standardized set of corrections is introduced and the uncertainties associated with these corrections are assessed for eight different forest sites in Europe with a total of 12 yearly datasets.
Journal ArticleDOI
How strongly can forest management influence soil carbon sequestration
Robert Jandl,Marcus Lindner,Lars Vesterdal,Bram Bauwens,Rainer Baritz,Frank Hagedorn,Dale W. Johnson,Kari Minkkinen,Kenneth A. Byrne +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, the experimental evidence for long-term carbon (C) sequestration in soils as consequence of specific forest management strategies was reviewed, and the effects of harvesting, thinning, fertilization application, drainage, tree species selection, and control of natural disturbances on soil C dynamics were analyzed.
References
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Book
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Book ChapterDOI
Estimates of the annual net carbon and water exchange of forests: the EUROFLUX methodology
Marc Aubinet,Achim Grelle,Andreas Ibrom,Üllar Rannik,John Moncrieff,Thomas Foken,Andrew S. Kowalski,Philippe H. Martin,Paul Berbigier,Christian Bernhofer,Robert Clement,Jan Elbers,André Granier,Thomas Grünwald,K. Morgenstern,Kim Pilegaard,Corinna Rebmann,W. Snijders,Riccardo Valentini,Timo Vesala +19 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors have described the measurement system and the procedure followed for the computation of the fluxes and procedure of flux summation, including data gap filling strategy, night flux corrections and error estimation.