Maternal Microchimerism Predicts Increased Infection but Decreased Disease due to Plasmodium falciparum During Early Childhood.
Whitney E. Harrington,Sami B. Kanaan,Atis Muehlenbachs,Robert Morrison,Philip A. Stevenson,Michal Fried,Patrick E. Duffy,J. Lee Nelson,J. Lee Nelson +8 more
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TLDR
The acquisition of M Mc may result in increased malaria infection but protection from malaria disease, and future studies should be directed at the cellular component of MMc, with attention to its ability to directly or indirectly coordinate anti-malarial immune responses in the offspring.Abstract:
Background A mother's infection with placental malaria (PM) can affect her child's susceptibility to malaria, although the mechanism remains unclear The fetus acquires a small amount of maternal cells and DNA known as maternal microchimerism (MMc), and we hypothesized that PM increases MMc and that MMc alters risk of Plasmodium falciparum malaria during infancy Methods In a nested cohort from Muheza, Tanzania, we evaluated the presence and level of cord blood MMc in offspring of women with and without PM A maternal-specific polymorphism was identified for each maternal-infant pair, and MMc was assayed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction The ability of MMc to predict malaria outcomes during early childhood was evaluated in longitudinal models Results Inflammatory PM increased the detection rate of MMc among offspring of primigravidae and secundigravidae, and both noninflammatory and inflammatory PM increased the level of MMc Detectable MMc predicted increased risk of positive blood smear but, interestingly, decreased risk of symptomatic malaria and malaria hospitalization Conclusions The acquisition of MMc may result in increased malaria infection but protection from malaria disease Future studies should be directed at the cellular component of MMc, with attention to its ability to directly or indirectly coordinate anti-malarial immune responses in the offspringread more
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Challenges and strategies for developing efficacious and long-lasting malaria vaccines
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In utero priming of highly functional effector T cell responses to human malaria.
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Microchimerism: Defining and redefining the prepregnancy context - A review.
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Michal Fried,Patrick E. Duffy +1 more
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Maternal Alloantigens Promote the Development of Tolerogenic Fetal Regulatory T Cells in Utero
Jeff E. Mold,Jakob Michaëlsson,Trevor D. Burt,Marcus O. Muench,Karen P. Beckerman,Michael P. Busch,Tzong-Hae Lee,Douglas F. Nixon,Joseph M. McCune +8 more
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