Measurements and modeling of near-surface radio propagation in glacial ice and implications for neutrino experiments
Cosmin Deaconu,Abigail G. Vieregg,Stephanie Wissel,John Bowen,S. Chipman,A. Gupta,C. Miki,R. J. Nichol,David Saltzberg +8 more
TLDR
In this paper, the authors present measurements of radio transmission in the Ω(n) range through a deep region below the surface of the ice at Summit Station, Greenland, called the firn, and compare their observations to a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) electromagnetic wave simulation.Abstract:
We present measurements of radio transmission in the $\ensuremath{\sim}100\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{MHz}$ range through a $\ensuremath{\sim}100\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{m}$ deep region below the surface of the ice at Summit Station, Greenland, called the firn. In the firn, the index of refraction changes due to the transition from snow at the surface to glacial ice below, affecting the propagation of radio signals in that region. We compare our observations to a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) electromagnetic wave simulation, which supports the existence of three classes of propagation: a bulk propagation ray-bending mode that leads to so-called ``shadowed'' regions for certain geometries of transmission, a surface-wave mode induced by the ice/air interface, and an arbitrary-depth horizontal propagation mode that requires perturbations from a smooth density gradient. In the non-shadowed region, our measurements are consistent with the bulk propagation ray-bending mode both in timing and in amplitude. We also observe signals in the shadowed region, in conflict with a bulk-propagation-only ray-bending model, but consistent with FDTD simulations using a variety of firn models for Summit Station. The amplitude and timing of our measurements in all geometries are consistent with the predictions from FDTD simulations. In the shadowed region, the amplitude of the observed signals is consistent with a best-fit coupling fraction value of 2.4% (0.06% in power) or less to a surface or horizontal propagation mode from the bulk propagation mode. The relative amplitude of observable signals in the two regions is important for experiments that aim to detect radio emission from astrophysical high-energy neutrinos interacting in glacial ice, which rely on a radio propagation model to inform simulations and perform event reconstruction.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Design and Sensitivity of the Radio Neutrino Observatory in Greenland (RNO-G)
Juanan Aguilar,P. Allison,J. J. Beatty,Hans Bernhoff,David Zeke Besson,David Zeke Besson,N. Bingefors,Olga Botner,Stijn Buitink,Katie Carter,Brian Clark,A. Connolly,Paramita Dasgupta,S. De Kockere,K. D. de Vries,Cosmin Deaconu,M. A. DuVernois,N. Feigl,Daniel García-Fernández,Christian Glaser,Allan Hallgren,Steffen Hallmann,J. C. Hanson,Brian Hendricks,Ben Hokanson-Fasig,C. Hornhuber,Kaeli Hughes,Albrecht Karle,J. L. Kelley,Spencer Klein,Ryan Krebs,Robert Lahmann,Mitchell Magnuson,T. Meures,Zachary S. Meyers,Anna Nelles,Alexander Novikov,Eric Oberla,Bob Oeyen,H. Pandya,Ilse Plaisier,Lilly Pyras,Dirk Ryckbosch,Olaf Scholten,D. Seckel,Daniel P. Smith,Daniel Southall,Jorge Torres,S. Toscano,D. Van den Broeck,N. van Eijndhoven,Abigail G. Vieregg,C. Welling,Stephanie Wissel,Stephanie Wissel,Robert Young,Adrian Zink +56 more
TL;DR: The Radio Neutrino Observatory Greenland (RNO-G) as mentioned in this paper is the first radio detector for in-ice neutrino signals, which uses an array of radio sensors to measure neutrinos above 10 PeV.
Journal ArticleDOI
Design and sensitivity of the Radio Neutrino Observatory in Greenland (RNO-G)
Juanan Aguilar,P. Allison,J. J. Beatty,Hans Bernhoff,David Zeke Besson,David Zeke Besson,N. Bingefors,Olga Botner,Stijn Buitink,Katie Carter,Brian Clark,A. Connolly,Paramita Dasgupta,S. De Kockere,K. D. de Vries,Cosmin Deaconu,M. A. DuVernois,N. Feigl,Daniel García-Fernández,Christian Glaser,Allan Hallgren,Steffen Hallmann,J. C. Hanson,Brian Hendricks,Ben Hokanson-Fasig,C. Hornhuber,Kaeli Hughes,Albrecht Karle,J. L. Kelley,Spencer Klein,Ryan Krebs,Robert Lahmann,Mitchell Magnuson,T. Meures,Zachary S. Meyers,Anna Nelles,Alexander Novikov,Eric Oberla,Bob Oeyen,H. Pandya,Ilse Plaisier,Lilly Pyras,Dirk Ryckbosch,Olaf Scholten,D. Seckel,Daniel P. Smith,Daniel Southall,Jorge Torres,S. Toscano,D. Van den Broeck,N. van Eijndhoven,Abigail G. Vieregg,C. Welling,Stephanie Wissel,Stephanie Wissel,Robert Young,Adrian Zink +56 more
TL;DR: The Radio Neutrino Observatory Greenland (RNO-G) as mentioned in this paper is the first radio detector for in-ice neutrino signals, which uses an array of radio sensors to measure neutrinos above 10 PeV.
Journal ArticleDOI
NuRadioMC: simulating the radio emission of neutrinos from interaction to detector
Christian Glaser,Daniel García-Fernández,Anna Nelles,Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz,S. W. Barwick,D. Z. Besson,Brian Clark,Amy Connolly,Cosmin Deaconu,K. D. de Vries,J. C. Hanson,Benjamin Hokanson-Fasig,R. Lahmann,R. Lahmann,U. Latif,Stuart Kleinfelder,C. Persichilli,Yue Pan,C. Pfendner,Ilse Plaisier,D. Seckel,Jorge Torres,Simona Toscano,N. van Eijndhoven,Abigail G. Vieregg,Christoph Welling,Tobias Winchen,Tobias Winchen,Stephanie Wissel +28 more
TL;DR: NuRadioMC as discussed by the authors is a Monte Carlo framework designed to simulate ultra-high energy neutrino detectors that rely on the radio detection method, which exploits the radio emission generated in the electromagnetic component of a particle shower following a Neutrino interaction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Measurement of the real dielectric permittivity ? r of glacial ice
Patrick Allison,S. Archambault,J. Auffenberg,R. Bard,J. J. Beatty,M. Beheler-Amass,D. Z. Besson,D. Z. Besson,M. Beydler,C. C. Chen,Chun Hsiung Chen,Po-Hsun Chen,A. Christenson,Brian Clark,Amy Connolly,L. Cremonesi,Cosmin Deaconu,Michael DuVernois,L. Friedman,R. Gaior,J. C. Hanson,Kael Hanson,J. Haugen,Kara Hoffman,E. Hong,S. Y. Hsu,L. Hu,J. J. Huang,M.-H. A. Huang,A. Ishihara,A. Karle,J. L. Kelley,R. Khandelwal,M.-C. Kim,I. Kravchenko,J. Kruse,K. Kurusu,T. Kuwabara,H. Landsman,U. Latif,A. Laundrie,C.-J. Li,Tsung-Che Liu,M.-Y. Lu,K. Mase,Thomas Meures,J. Nam,R. J. Nichol,G. Nir,Alexander Novikov,Alexander Novikov,Eric Oberla,A. O’ Murchadha,Y. Pan,Carl Pfendner,Kenneth L. Ratzlaff,M. Relich,J. Roth,P. Sandstrom,D. Seckel,Y. S. Shiao,A. Shultz,M. Song,J. Touart,G. S. Varner,Abigail G. Vieregg,M. Z. Wang,S. H. Wang,Stephanie Wissel,S. Yoshida,R. Young +70 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used long-baseline RF propagation to extract information on the index-of-refraction (n = ϵ r ) in South Polar ice.
Journal ArticleDOI
NuRadioMC: Simulating the radio emission of neutrinos from interaction to detector
Christian Glaser,Daniel García-Fernández,Anna Nelles,Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz,Steven W. Barwick,D. Z. Besson,Brian Clark,Amy Connolly,Cosmin Deaconu,Krijn de Vries,Jordan C. Hanson,Ben Hokanson-Fasig,R. Lahmann,U. Latif,Stuart A. Kleinfelder,C. Persichilli,Yue Pan,Carl Pfender,Ilse Plaisier,D. Seckel,Jorge Torres,Simona Toscano,Nick van Eijndhoven,Abigail G. Vieregg,Christoph Welling,Tobias Winchen,Stephanie Wissel +26 more
TL;DR: NuRadioMC as discussed by the authors is a Monte Carlo framework designed to simulate ultra-high energy neutrino detectors that rely on the radio detection method, which exploits the radio emission generated in the electromagnetic component of a particle shower following a Neutrino interaction.
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