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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

MEGA6: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis Version 6.0

TLDR
An advanced version of the Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis software, which currently contains facilities for building sequence alignments, inferring phylogenetic histories, and conducting molecular evolutionary analysis, is released, which enables the inference of timetrees, as it implements the RelTime method for estimating divergence times for all branching points in a phylogeny.
Abstract
We announce the release of an advanced version of the Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) software, which currently contains facilities for building sequence alignments, inferring phylogenetic histories, and conducting molecular evolutionary analysis. In version 6.0, MEGA now enables the inference of timetrees, as it implements the RelTime method for estimating divergence times for all branching points in a phylogeny. A new Timetree Wizard in MEGA6 facilitates this timetree inference by providing a graphical user interface (GUI) to specify the phylogeny and calibration constraints step-by-step. This version also contains enhanced algorithms to search for the optimal trees under evolutionary criteria and implements a more advanced memory management that can double the size of sequence data sets to which MEGA can be applied. Both GUI and command-line versions of MEGA6 can be downloaded from www.megasoftware.net free of charge.

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Evolutionary Dynamics of MERS-CoV: Potential Recombination, Positive Selection and Transmission.

TL;DR: Analysis of phylogenetic and bioinformatic analyses suggest that potential recombination events might have happened frequently during MERS-CoV’s evolutionary history and the positive selection sites in the S protein might enable it to infect human.
Journal ArticleDOI

First comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the genus Erysiphe (Erysiphales, Erysiphaceae) I. The Microsphaera lineage

TL;DR: A comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the Microsphaera-lineage, a monophyletic group including species of sects, supports the previous hypothesis that tree-parasitic powdery mildews are phylogenetically primitive in the Erysiphaceae in general, and host-shift from trees to herbs occurred many times independently during the evolution of powderY mildews.
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Development of a novel cultivation technique for uncultured soil bacteria.

TL;DR: The results indicate that the newly designed diffusion bioreactor can mimic the natural environment, which permits the cultivation of previously uncultured bacteria.
Journal ArticleDOI

Genetic interactions between diverged alleles of Early heading date 1 (Ehd1) and Heading date 3a (Hd3a)/ RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T1 (RFT1) control differential heading and contribute to regional adaptation in rice (Oryza sativa).

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that, in an ehd1 mutant background, Hd3a was silenced, but RFT1 was expressed (although at lower levels than in plants with a functional Ehd1) under short- day (SD) and long-day (LD) conditions, and analyses of sequence variation and geographic distribution suggested that functional R FT1 alleles were selected during rice adaptation to high-latitude regions.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

MEGA5: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis using Maximum Likelihood, Evolutionary Distance, and Maximum Parsimony Methods

TL;DR: The newest addition in MEGA5 is a collection of maximum likelihood (ML) analyses for inferring evolutionary trees, selecting best-fit substitution models, inferring ancestral states and sequences, and estimating evolutionary rates site-by-site.
Journal ArticleDOI

MEGA3: Integrated software for Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis and sequence alignment

TL;DR: An overview of the statistical methods, computational tools, and visual exploration modules for data input and the results obtainable in MEGA is provided.
Book

The Neutral Theory of Molecular Evolution

Motoo Kimura
TL;DR: The neutral theory as discussed by the authors states that the great majority of evolutionary changes at the molecular level are caused not by Darwinian selection but by random drift of selectively neutral mutants, which has caused controversy ever since.
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