Journal ArticleDOI
Modelling surface-air-temperature variation over complex terrain around Abisko, Swedish Lapland: Uncertainties of measurements and models at different scales
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In this article, a model of the surface-air-temperature distribution in topographically heterogeneous regions is presented, based on a comparison of the large-scale weather station measurements and gridded climate reanalysis (ERA-40) data.Abstract:
P>Many ecological, physical and geographical processes affected by climate in the natural environment are scale-dependent: determining surface-air-temperature distribution at a scale of tens to hundreds of metres can facilitate such research, which is currently hampered by the relative dearth of meteorological stations and complex surface temperature characteristics, particularly in mountain areas. Here we discuss both the couplings and mismatch of present climatological data at different scales, ranging from similar to 50 m to 100 km, and provide a novel model of the surface-air-temperature distribution in topographically heterogeneous regions. First, a comparison of the large-scale weather station measurements and gridded climate reanalysis (ERA-40) data is used to define regional climatology in the Swedish sub-Arctic and obtain the mesoscale temperature lapse rates. Second, combined with temperature measurements obtained from transects set among complex terrain, key microclimatic characteristics of the temperature distribution are identified, showing few temperature inversions when the wind speed exceeds 3 m s-1, while temperature inversions prevail during calm nights. Besides wind, there is a pronounced winter temperature stratification around the large Lake Tornetrask, and variations in topography are found to have a strong influence in shaping the microscale temperature pattern through their effect on solar radiation during summer. A monthly 50-m scale temperature-distribution (topoclimate) model is built based on the above findings, and model validation is conducted using further fieldwork measurements from different seasons. We present results of surface-air-temperature distribution for the Abisko region, and discuss how these results help reconcile the scale mismatch mentioned above. (Less)read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Ecosystem change and stability over multiple decades in the Swedish subarctic: complex processes and multiple drivers.
Terry V. Callaghan,Terry V. Callaghan,Christer Jonasson,Tomas Thierfelder,Zhenlin Yang,Zhenlin Yang,Henrik Hedenås,Margareta Johansson,Margareta Johansson,Ulf Molau,Ulf Molau,Rik Van Bogaert,Anders Michelsen,Johan Olofsson,Dylan Gwynn-Jones,Stef Bokhorst,Gareth K. Phoenix,Jarle W. Bjerke,Hans Tømmervik,Torben R. Christensen,Edward Hanna,Eva K. Koller,Eva K. Koller,Victoria L. Sloan,Victoria L. Sloan +24 more
TL;DR: A unique geo-referenced record of environmental and ecosystem observations from the area since 1913 is presented, which is of immediate relevance to local stakeholders who need to adapt to new opportunities and to respond to challenges.
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Fish introductions reveal the temperature dependence of species interactions
TL;DR: Investigation of environmental conditions influencing the coexistence of two fishes in Swedish lakes found context dependency was critical for understanding pike–brown trout interactions, and, given the widespread occurrence of context-dependent species interactions, this aspect will probably be critical for accurately predicting climate impacts on biodiversity.
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Future distribution of Arctic char Salvelinus alpinus in Sweden under climate change: effects of temperature, lake size and species interactions.
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Journal ArticleDOI
High latitude local scale temperature complexity: the example of Kevo Valley, Finnish Lapland
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined local scale temperature variability in the subarctic where the unusual solar geometry means that the classic diurnal cycle of mid-latitudes has limited application.
Journal ArticleDOI
Drivers of dissolved organic carbon export in a subarctic catchment: Importance of microbial decomposition, sorption-desorption, peatland and lateral flow.
Jing Tang,Alla Yurova,Alla Yurova,Guy Schurgers,Paul A. Miller,Stefan Olin,Benjamin Smith,Matthias Benjamin Siewert,Matthias Benjamin Siewert,David Olefeldt,Peter Pilesjö,Anneli Poska +11 more
TL;DR: This paper incorporates processes related to DOC production, mineralization, diffusion, sorption-desorption, and leaching into a customized arctic version of the dynamic ecosystem model LPJ-GUESS in order to mechanistically model catchment DOC export, and to link this flux to other ecosystem processes.
References
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Larry D. Hinzman,Neil D. Bettez,W. Robert Bolton,F. Stuart Chapin,Mark B. Dyurgerov,Chris L. Fastie,Brad Griffith,Robert D. Hollister,Allen Hope,Henry P. Huntington,Anne M. Jensen,Gensuou J. Jia,T. Jorgenson,Douglas L. Kane,David R. Klein,Gary P. Kofinas,Amanda H. Lynch,Andrea H. Lloyd,A. David McGuire,Frederick E. Nelson,Walter C. Oechel,T. E. Osterkamp,Charles H. Racine,Vladimir E. Romanovsky,Robert S. Stone,Douglas A. Stow,Matthew Sturm,Craig E. Tweedie,George L. Vourlitis,Marilyn D. Walker,Donald A. Walker,P. J. Webber,Jeffrey M. Welker,Kevin Winker,Kenji Yoshikawa +34 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a broad array of evidence that illustrates con- vincingly; the Arctic is undergoing a system-wide response to an altered climatic state.
Evidence and Implications of Recent Climate Change in Northern Alaska and Other Arctic Regions
Larry D. Hinzman,Neil D. Bettez,W. R. Bolton,F. S. Chapin,Mark B. Dyurgerov,Christopher L. Fastie,Brad Griffith,Robert D. Hollister,Allen Hope,Henry P. Huntington,Anne M. Jensen,Gensuo Jia,T. Jorgenson,Douglas L. Kane,David R. Klein,Gary P. Kofinas,Amanda H. Lynch,Andrea H. Lloyd,A. D. McGuire,Frederick E. Nelson,M. Nolan,Walter C. Oechel,T. E. Osterkamp,Charles H. Racine,Vladimir E. Romanovsky,Robert S. Stone,Douglas A. Stow,Matthew Sturm,Craig E. Tweedie,George L. Vourlitis,Marilyn D. Walker,Donald A. Walker,P. J. Webber,Jeffrey M. Welker,Kevin Winker,Kenji Yoshikawa +35 more