Neuroprotective effect of Tagara, an Ayurvedic drug against methyl mercury induced oxidative stress using rat brain mitochondrial fractions
TLDR
It is proposed that Tagara with a source of potential neuroprotectants may be a useful approach to alleviate MeHg associated neurotoxicity.Abstract:
Methyl mercury (MeHg), an important environmental toxicant is implicated in neurological disorders such as Hunter-Russell syndrome and Autism. Therefore, the present work is in search of new drugs that can alleviate MeHg toxicity. In this connection, Tagara, an ayurvedic drug is used for assessing its neuro protective effect against MeHg toxicity. In the present study, we assessed the phytochemical contents of Tagara by colorimetric and HPLC analyses. The neuroprotective effect of Tagara on MeHg induced neurotoxicity was measured in terms of viability by MTT assay and oxidative stress in terms of catalase activity, glutathione and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance levels. Further, the chelating effect of Tagara towards MeHg was performed to identify the molecular mechanism. Statistical analysis was done by statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 16.0. The results demonstrated that Tagara contains significant amounts of phenols and flavonoids. Also, HPLC analysis of Tagara revealed the presence of essential oils such as hydroxyvalerenic and valerenic acids. Our results demonstrated that exposure of rat brain mitochondrial fractions to MeHg resulted in a dose dependent death in MTT assay and IC50 value was found to be 10 μM. However, a 250 μg dose of Tagara effectively prevented MeHg induced mitochondrial damage. The oxidative stress caused by MeHg results in elevated levels of reactive oxygen species as evidenced by elevated TBARS (Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances) levels and diminished catalase enzyme activity and glutathione content. However, Tagara at 250 μg concentration offsets these alterations caused by MeHg. Further, Tagara also diminished GSH oxidation caused by MeHg, confirming its chelating effect, one of the molecular mechanisms that triggers protection against oxidative damage. Our results revealed that MeHg induced toxicity is predominantly mediated through oxidative stress mechanism and the propensity of Tagara to abolish such reactions. Hence, we propose that Tagara with a source of potential neuroprotectants may be a useful approach to alleviate MeHg associated neurotoxicity.read more
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Book ChapterDOI
Role of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Autism.
Thamilarasan Manivasagam,Selvaraj Arunadevi,Mustafa Mohamed Essa,Chidambaram Saravanababu,Anupom Borah,Arokiasamy Justin Thenmozhi,M. Walid Qoronfleh +6 more
TL;DR: This chapter provides a conceptual framework on oxidative stress and antioxidants utility and ways to improve the altered metabolite levels in the interconnected transmethylation and transsulfuration pathways, which has been associated with decreased autistic behaviors and severity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Oxidative Stress in Autism Spectrum Disorder—Current Progress of Mechanisms and Biomarkers
Xukun Liu,Jing Lin,Huajie Zhang,Naseer Ullah Khan,Jun Zhang,Xiaoxiao Tang,Xueshan Cao,Liming Shen +7 more
TL;DR: Potential biomarkers identified in this study could be used for early diagnosis and evaluation of ASD intervention, as well as to inform and target ASD pharmacological or nutritional treatment interventions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plant components can reduce methylmercury toxication: A mini-review.
TL;DR: This review provides an overview of effective natural plant extracts and their putative biochemical mechanisms for blocking gut absorption, enhancing excretion and minimizing toxic effects of MeHg.
Journal ArticleDOI
Environmental toxicants, oxidative stress and health adversities: interventions of phytochemicals.
Shiwangi Dwivedi,Sharanya Kushalan,Jagdish Gopal Paithankar,Leonard Clinton D'Souza,Smitha Hegde,Anurag Sharma +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, a review aimed to describe the therapeutic role of phytochemicals in mitigating environmental toxicant-mediated sub-cellular and organ toxicities via controlling cellular antioxidant response.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mercury toxicity and DNA damage in patients with Down syndrome
Gamila S. M. El-Saeed,Soheir A. Abdel Maksoud,Hala T. Bassyouni,Jackleen Raafat,Mervat H. Agybi,Aliaa Ahmed wahby,Hanan M. Aly +6 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that mercury intoxication as well as oxidative stress may be biomarkers of toxicity in patients with DS.
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