Journal ArticleDOI
Obesity and neuroinflammation: a pathway to cognitive impairment.
TLDR
The evidence that obesity and high fat feeding can lead to cognitive dysfunction is addressed and the idea that obesity-associated systemic inflammation leads to inflammation within the brain, particularly the hypothalamus, and that this is partially responsible for negative cognitive outcomes is examined.Abstract:
Obesity is a growing problem worldwide and is associated with a range of comorbidities, including cognitive dysfunction. In this review we will address the evidence that obesity and high fat feeding can lead to cognitive dysfunction. We will also examine the idea that obesity-associated systemic inflammation leads to inflammation within the brain, particularly the hypothalamus, and that this is partially responsible for these negative cognitive outcomes. Thus, obesity, and high fat feeding, lead to systemic inflammation and excess circulating free fatty acids. Circulating cytokines, free fatty acids and immune cells reach the brain at the level of the hypothalamus and initiate local inflammation, including microglial proliferation. This local inflammation likely causes synaptic remodeling and neurodegeneration within the hypothalamus, altering internal hypothalamic circuitry and hypothalamic outputs to other brain regions. The result is disruption to cognitive function mediated by regions such as hippocampus, amygdala, and reward-processing centers. Central inflammation is also likely to affect these regions directly. Thus, central inflammation in obesity leads not just to disruption of hypothalamic satiety signals and perpetuation of overeating, but also to negative outcomes on cognition.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Obesity-Induced Neuroinflammation: Beyond the Hypothalamus.
TL;DR: The effects and mechanisms of obesity-derived neuro inflammation are discussed, with a specific emphasis on extra-hypothalamic structures, as well as the repercussions of neuroinflammation for some cerebral functions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mitochondrial dysfunction in obesity.
TL;DR: A general view about mitochondrial dysfunction in obesity is presented, including related alterations, such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, and focusing on the whole organism, covering alterations in peripheral tissues, BBB, and CNS.
Journal ArticleDOI
Obesity and cognitive decline: role of inflammation and vascular changes.
TL;DR: The effects of obesity on cognitive performance are discussed, including both clinical and preclinical observations, and some of the potential mechanisms involved, namely inflammation and vascular and metabolic alterations are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Executive function performance in obesity and overweight individuals: A meta-analysis and review.
TL;DR: Current evidence supports the existence of broad executive function deficits in obese individuals, and inhibition and working memory deficits in overweight individuals.
References
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