Journal ArticleDOI
Out of Control Identifying the Role of Self-Control Strength in Family Violence
Catrin Finkenauer,Asuman Buyukcan-Tetik,Roy F. Baumeister,Kim Schoemaker,Meike Bartels,Kathleen D. Vohs +5 more
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TLDR
In this article, a self-control strength model of family violence is proposed, which integrates components of existing theories, extending them by pinpointing self control strength as an explanatory and predictive factor, and can serve as a framework for interventions.Abstract:
Family violence is common and brings tremendous costs to individuals, relationships, and society. Victims are vulnerable to negative outcomes across a host of dimensions, including cognitive performance, impulse control, emotion regulation, and physical health. Links between family violence and various problems have been established, yet the specific processes underlying these associations are poorly understood, resulting in the stunted development of effective interventions. This article addresses two key questions: How and why does family violence cause these myriad problems? The self-control strength model of family violence provides novel answers. The model integrates components of existing theories, extending them by pinpointing self-control strength as an explanatory and predictive factor, and can serve as a framework for interventions.read more
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Process evaluation of complex interventions: Medical Research Council guidance
Graham Moore,Suzanne Audrey,Mary Barker,Lyndal Bond,Chris Bonell,Wendy Hardeman,Laurence Moore,Alicia O’Cathain,Tannaze Tinati,Daniel Wight,Janis Baird +10 more
TL;DR: New MRC guidance provides a framework for conducting and reporting process evaluation studies that will help improve the quality of decision-making in the design and testing of complex interventions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Beyond deterrence: an expanded view of employee computer abuse
TL;DR: The Straub and Welke (1998) security action cycle framework is extended and three areas worthy of empirical investigation are proposed--techniques of neutralization, expressive/instrumental criminal motivations, and disgruntlement as a result of perceptions of organizational injustice--and questions for future research in these areas are proposed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical and Cost-Effectiveness of a System of Longer-Term Stroke Care
Anne Forster,John Young,Katie Chapman,Jane Nixon,Anita Patel,Ivana Holloway,Kirste Mellish,Shamaila Anwar,Rachel Breen,Martin Knapp,Jenni Murray,Amanda Farrin +11 more
TL;DR: This robust trial demonstrated no benefit in clinical or cost-effectiveness outcomes associated with the new system of care compared with usual Stroke Care Coordinator practice.
Journal ArticleDOI
Synthesizing evidence on complex interventions: how meta-analytical, qualitative, and mixed-method approaches can contribute
Mark Petticrew,Eva Rehfuess,Jane Noyes,Julian P T Higgins,Julian P T Higgins,Alain Mayhew,Tomas Pantoja,Ian Shemilt,Amanda Sowden +8 more
TL;DR: How different meta-analytical approaches can be used to examine aspects of complexity are explored; the contribution of various narrative, tabular, and graphical approaches to synthesis are described; and an overview of the potential choice of selected qualitative and mixed-method evidence synthesis approaches are given.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sex differences in addictive disorders.
TL;DR: Current evidence for gender differences not only in drug addiction, but also in other forms of addictive behaviours is summarized, with particular emphasis given to the role of sex hormones in modulating addictive behaviours.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults. The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study
Vincent J. Felitti,Robert F. Anda,Dale F. Nordenberg,David F. Williamson,Alison M. Spitz,Valerie J. Edwards,Mary P. Koss,James S. Marks +7 more
TL;DR: For example, this article found a strong relationship between the breadth of exposure to abuse or household dysfunction during childhood and multiple risk factors for several of the leading causes of death in adults.
Journal ArticleDOI
High self-control predicts good adjustment, less pathology, better grades, and interpersonal success.
TL;DR: Tests for curvilinearity failed to indicate any drawbacks of so-called overcontrol, and the positive effects remained after controlling for social desirability, so low self-control is a significant risk factor for a broad range of personal and interpersonal problems.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Strength Model of Self-Control
TL;DR: The self-control is a central function of the self and an important key to success in life as mentioned in this paper, and the exertion of self control appears to depend on a limited resource.
Journal ArticleDOI
Beyond Diathesis Stress: Differential Susceptibility to Environmental Influences.
Jay Belsky,Michael Pluess +1 more
TL;DR: Evidence consistent with the proposition that individuals differ in plasticity is reviewed, and multiple instances in which specific genes function less like "vulnerability factors" and more like "plasticity factors," thereby rendering some individuals more malleable or susceptible than others to both negative and positive environmental influences.
Global and regional estimates of violence against women: prevalence and health effects of intimate partner violence and non-partner sexual violence.
Claudia García-Moreno,Christina Pallitto,Karen Devries,Heidi Stöckl,Charlotte Watts,Naeemah Abrahams +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the first global systematic review of scientific data on the prevalence of two forms of violence against women: violence by an intimate partner (intimate partner violence) and sexual violence by someone other than a partner.