Outgrowth of the Bacterial Airway Microbiome after Rhinovirus Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Philip L. Molyneaux,Patrick Mallia,Michael J. Cox,Joseph Footitt,Saffron A.G. Willis-Owen,Daniel Homola,Maria-Belen Trujillo-Torralbo,Sarah L. Elkin,Onn Min Kon,William O.C.M. Cookson,Miriam F. Moffatt,Sebastian L. Johnston +11 more
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It is suggested that rhinovirus infection in COPD alters the respiratory microbiome and may precipitate secondary bacterial infections.Abstract:
Rationale: Rhinovirus infection is followed by significantly increased frequencies of positive, potentially pathogenic sputum cultures in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, it remains unclear whether these represent de novo infections or an increased load of organisms from the complex microbial communities (microbiome) in the lower airways.Objectives: To investigate the effect of rhinovirus infection on the airway bacterial microbiome.Methods: Subjects with COPD (n = 14) and healthy control subjects with normal lung function (n = 17) were infected with rhinovirus. Induced sputum was collected at baseline before rhinovirus inoculation and again on Days 5, 15, and 42 after rhinovirus infection and DNA was extracted. The V3–V5 region of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene was amplified and pyrosequenced, resulting in 370,849 high-quality reads from 112 of the possible 124 time points.Measurements and Main Results: At 15 days after rhinovirus infection, there was a sixfold increase in 16S...read more
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Analysis of the Upper Respiratory Tract Microbiotas as the Source of the Lung and Gastric Microbiotas in Healthy Individuals
Christine M. Bassis,John R. Erb-Downward,Robert P. Dickson,Christine M. Freeman,Thomas M. Schmidt,Vincent B. Young,James M. Beck,James M. Beck,Jeffrey L. Curtis,Gary B. Huffnagle +9 more
TL;DR: Molecular immigration from the oral cavity appears to be the significant source of the lung microbiome during health, but unlike the stomach, the lungs exhibit evidence of selective elimination of Prevotella bacteria derived from the upper airways.
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The Microbiome and the Respiratory Tract
TL;DR: The topography and population dynamics of the respiratory tract is described, both in health and as altered by acute and chronic lung disease.
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The Gut-Lung Axis in Health and Respiratory Diseases: A Place for Inter-Organ and Inter-Kingdom Crosstalks.
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TL;DR: This review aims to analyze how the lung and gut microbiota influence each other and may impact on respiratory diseases, with a specific attention on inter-kingdom microbial crosstalks which are able to shape local or long-reached host responses within the GLA.
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