scispace - formally typeset
Journal ArticleDOI

Plasma Levels of the Cytokines B Cell-Activating Factor (BAFF) and A Proliferation-Inducing Ligand (APRIL) in Schizophrenia, Bipolar, and Major Depressive Disorder: A Cross Sectional, Multisite Study.

TLDR
In this article, the authors investigated if plasma levels of BAFF and APRIL differed between patients with SCZ, BIP, and major depressive disorder (MDD), and tested for associations with psychotic symptom load, controlling for sociodemographic status, antipsychotic and other psychotropic medication, smoking, body mass index, and high sensitivity CRP.
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and other nonaffective psychosis (SCZ), bipolar spectrum disorder (BIP) and major depressive disorder (MDD). The cytokines B cell-activating factor (BAFF) and A proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) belong to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) super family and are essential in orchestrating immune responses. Abnormal levels of BAFF and APRIL have been found in autoimmune diseases with CNS affection. METHODS We investigated if plasma levels of BAFF and APRIL differed between patients with SCZ, BIP, and MDD with psychotic symptoms (n = 2009) and healthy control subjects (HC, n = 1212), and tested for associations with psychotic symptom load, controlling for sociodemographic status, antipsychotic and other psychotropic medication, smoking, body-mass-index, and high sensitivity CRP. RESULTS Plasma APRIL level was significantly lower across all patient groups compared to HC (P < .001; Cohen's d = 0.33), and in SCZ compared to HC (P < .001; d = 0.28) and in BIP compared to HC (P < .001; d = 0.37). Lower plasma APRIL was associated with higher psychotic symptom load with nominal significance (P = .017), but not with any other clinical characteristics. Plasma BAFF was not significantly different across patient groups vs HC, but significantly higher in BIP compared to HC (P = .040; d = 0.12) and SCZ (P = .027; d = 0.10). CONCLUSIONS These results show aberrant levels of BAFF and APRIL and association with psychotic symptoms in patients with SCZ and BIP. This suggest that dysregulation of the TNF system, mediated by BAFF and APRIL, is involved in the pathophysiology of psychotic disorders.

read more

Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI

Immune marker levels in severe mental disorders: associations with polygenic risk scores of related mental phenotypes and psoriasis

TL;DR: In this article , the authors used the data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of autoimmune diseases and mental phenotypes associated with severe mental disorders (SMD) to disentangle genetic susceptibilities of immune abnormalities in SMD.
Journal ArticleDOI

The relationship between chronic immune response and neurodegenerative damage in long COVID-19

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors explored the relationship between inflammatory and humoral immune markers and the major neurological damage manifested in post-COVID-19 patients, and found that the generation of autoantibodies affects processes such as neurogenesis, neuronal repair, chemotaxis and the optimal microglia function.
Journal ArticleDOI

Composite immune marker scores associated with severe mental disorders and illness course

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors investigated how patterns across immune markers are related to diagnosis and illness course of severe mental disorders (SMDs) and found a complex pattern of immune pathways involved in SMDs and SCZ illness course.
Journal ArticleDOI

Limited association between infections, autoimmune disease and genetic risk and immune activation in severe mental disorders

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors investigated if genetic susceptibility, infections or autoimmunity could explain the immune activation of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, and found that most of the low-grade inflammation in SCZ and BD is explained by other factors other than the underlying PRS, auto-infection, and infection rates.
Journal ArticleDOI

Association of Peripheral Inflammatory Biomarkers and Growth Factors Levels with Sex, Therapy and Other Clinical Factors in Schizophrenia and Patient Stratification Based on These Data

TL;DR: In this article , the authors analyzed changes in serum concentrations of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL 4, IL 6, IL 10, IL 21, APRIL, BAFF, PBEF/Visfatin, IFN-α, and TNF-α) and growth/neurotrophic factors (GM-CSF, NRG1-β1, NGF-β, and GDNF) in patients with schizophrenia in an exacerbation phase.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI

The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for Schizophrenia

TL;DR: Review of five studies involving the PANSS provided evidence of its criterion-related validity with antecedent, genealogical, and concurrent measures, its predictive validity, its drug sensitivity, and its utility for both typological and dimensional assessment.
Journal ArticleDOI

Validation and utility of a self-report version of PRIME-MD : The PHQ Primary Care Study

TL;DR: The study suggests that the PHQ has diagnostic validity comparable to the original clinician-administered PRIME-MD, and is more efficient to use.
Journal ArticleDOI

A Meta-Analysis of Cytokines in Major Depression

TL;DR: A meta-analysis of studies measuring cytokine concentration in patients with major depression reports significantly higher concentrations of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-6 in depressed subjects compared with control subjects, strengthening evidence that depression is accompanied by activation of the IRS.
Related Papers (5)