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Population biology of infectious diseases: Part II
Robert M. May,Roy M. Anderson +1 more
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Consideration is given to the relation between the ecology and evolution of the transmission processes and the overall dynamics, and to the mechanisms that can produce cyclic patterns, or multiple stable states, in the levels of infection in the host population.Abstract:
If the host population is taken to be a dynamic variable (rather than constant, as conventionally assumed), a wider understanding of the population biology of infectious diseases emerges. In this first part of a two-part article, mathematical models are developed, shown to fit data from laboratory experiments, and used to explore the evolutionary relations among transmission parameters. In the second part of the article, to be published in next week's issue, the models are extended to include indirectly transmitted infections, and the general implications for infectious diseases are considered.read more
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Chaos in biological systems.
Lars Folke Olsen,Hans Degn +1 more
TL;DR: Chaos in Physiology: Health or Disease?
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The role of nematode parasites in Soay sheep (Ovis aries L.) mortality during a population crash.
TL;DR: In early 1989, two-thirds of the Soay sheep population on St Kilda died over 12 weeks, with emaciated carcasses and considerable nematode burdens, with protein-energy malnutrition as the probable cause of death.
Journal ArticleDOI
The costs of choice in sexual selection.
TL;DR: The offspring of choosy females have not only a Fisherian reproductive advantage but also greater viability, which suggests that in species with exaggerated male ornamentation, in which female choice is costly, it is likely that female mate choice will be for traits that correlate with male genetic quality.
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Putting Theory into Practice: Wildlife Health in Conservation
TL;DR: Infectious and non-infectious diseases are recognized by conservation biologists as an increasing challenge to the conservation of wildlife as discussed by the authors, and some conservation projects have caused more harm than good by unwittingly introducing diseases to wildlife populations, whereas others have failed to meet their objectives because they did not take disease factors into consideration.
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A synthesis of experimental work on parasite local adaptation
TL;DR: A meta-analysis of experimental work from 57 host-parasite systems across 54 local adaptation studies is presented to directly test theoretical predictions concerning the effect of each attribute on parasite adaptation and finds that studies of parasites with higher migration rates than their hosts report local adaptation significantly more often.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A contribution to the mathematical theory of epidemics
TL;DR: In this article, the authors considered the problem of finding a causal factor which appears to be adequate to account for the magnitude of the frequent epidemics of disease which visit almost every population.
A Contribution to the Mathematical Theory of Epidemics.
TL;DR: The present communication discussion will be limited to the case in which all members of the community are initially equally susceptible to the disease, and it will be further assumed that complete immunity is conferred by a single infection.