Journal ArticleDOI
Reaction chemistry and phase behavior of lignin in high-temperature and supercritical water
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TLDR
The homogeneous conditions and conditions for inhibiting char formation by phenol were elucidated and it was found that mixtures of phenol and lignin become homogeneous at 400-600 degrees C and high water densities of 428-683 kg/m3, corresponding to maximum pressures of 93 MPa.About:
This article is published in Bioresource Technology.The article was published on 2008-06-01. It has received 343 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Pyrolysis & Lignin.read more
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Lignin Depolymerization and Conversion: A Review of Thermochemical Methods
TL;DR: The structure of lignin suggests that it can be a valuable source of chemicals, particularly phenolics as discussed by the authors, but it is the major challenge for converting it into value-added chemicals.
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Bio-oil production and upgrading research: A review
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed the research efforts to improve the bio-oil production from biomass and pointed out barriers to achieving improvements in the future, including biooil basics (e.g., characteristics, chemistry), application, environmental and economic assessment.
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Hydrothermal conversion of biomass waste to activated carbon with high porosity: a review.
TL;DR: A systematic and critical review of the production of activated carbon from hydrochars is presented in this paper, where the current knowledge gaps and challenges involved in the hydrothermal carbonization of biomass waste are critically evaluated with suggestions for further research.
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A review of the hydrothermal carbonization of biomass waste for hydrochar formation: process conditions, fundamentals, and physicochemical properties.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented the critical hydrothermal parameters of hydrothermal carbonization, including temperature, residence time, heating rate, reactant concentration, and aqueous quality.
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Characterization of Hydrochars Produced by Hydrothermal Carbonization of Lignin, Cellulose, d-Xylose, and Wood Meal
TL;DR: In this paper, the chemical and structural properties of cellulose, lignin, d-xylose, wood meal, and phenolic hydrochars were investigated, and the carbonization mechanism was proposed, and furfural was found to be an important intermediate product during d-Xylose hydrochar production.
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Pressure Measurement Made by the Utilization of Ruby Sharp-Line Luminescence
TL;DR: A rapid, convenient technique for precision pressure measurement in the diamond-anvil high-pressure cell, which makes use of the sharp-line (R-line) luminescence of ruby, has been developed and line-broadening has been observed in some instances and has been tentatively identified with nonhydrostatic conditions surrounding the ruby sample.
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Production of monomeric phenols by thermochemical conversion of biomass: a review.
TL;DR: A brief survey of lignin precursors as well as thermogravimetric and pyrolysis studies ofLignin with special reference to the production of phenols is provided.
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A new diamond anvil cell for hydrothermal studies to 2.5 GPa and from −190 to 1200 °C
TL;DR: A diamond anvil cell (DAC) was designed and built for conducting research in fluids at pressures to 2.5 GPa and temperatures from −190 to 1200 C.
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A Fundamental Equation for Water Covering the Range from the Melting Line to 1273 K at Pressures up to 25 000 MPa
TL;DR: In this article, the Helmholtz function was used to represent the thermodynamic properties of water (H2O) over an extremely large range of temperature and pressure that is not covered by existing equations of state.