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Recent progress made in the mechanism comprehension and design of electrocatalysts for alkaline water splitting

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TLDR
In this paper, the authors describe the fundamentals of the hydrogen evolution reaction/oxygen evolution reaction (HER/OER) and construct efficient electrocatalysts based on the structure-activity relationship.
Abstract
Alkaline water splitting is an attractive method for sustainable hydrogen production. Owing to the sluggish kinetics of alkaline water reduction and oxidation, it is crucial to understand the mechanism of the hydrogen evolution reaction/oxygen evolution reaction (HER/OER) and construct efficient electrocatalysts based on the structure–activity relationship. This review describes the fundamentals of the alkaline HER and OER, the design of noble and nonnoble HER electrocatalysts with low energy barriers, OER electrocatalysts based on binding energy, electronic structure, lattice oxygen, and surface reconstruction as well as the recent developments of bifunctional HER/OER electrocatalysts. Future perspectives towards alkaline water splitting electrocatalysts are also proposed.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

The hydrogen evolution reaction: from material to interfacial descriptors

TL;DR: This perspective provides a new look into how electrolyte structure at the interface controls the kinetics of water reduction.
Journal Article

Molecular insight in structure and activity of highly efficient, low-Ir Ir-Ni oxide catalysts for electrochemical water splitting (OER)

TL;DR: This study highlights a novel, highly active oxygen evolution catalyst and provides novel important insights into the structure and performance of bimetallic oxide OER electrocatalysts in corrosive acidic environments.
Journal ArticleDOI

Hydrogen production from water electrolysis: role of catalysts.

TL;DR: This review will start with an introduction of the water splitting performance evaluation of various electrocatalysts in terms of activity, stability, and efficiency, and is followed by outlining current knowledge on the two half-cell reactions, hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution Reaction (OER), in Terms of reaction mechanisms in alkaline and acidic media.
Journal ArticleDOI

Key role of chemistry versus bias in electrocatalytic oxygen evolution.

TL;DR: Pulse voltammetry and operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements on iridium oxide are reported to show that the applied bias affects the electrocatalytically generated current through charge accumulation in the catalyst, and it is found that the activation free energy decreases linearly with the amount of oxidative charge stored.
Journal ArticleDOI

Recent advances in activating surface reconstruction for the high-efficiency oxygen evolution reaction.

TL;DR: A comprehensive review of the surface reconstruction of transition metal-based OER catalysts including oxides, non-oxides, hydroxides and alloys can be found in this article.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Opportunities and challenges for a sustainable energy future

TL;DR: This Perspective provides a snapshot of the current energy landscape and discusses several research and development opportunities and pathways that could lead to a prosperous, sustainable and secure energy future for the world.
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Combining theory and experiment in electrocatalysis: Insights into materials design

TL;DR: A unified theoretical framework highlights the need for catalyst design strategies that selectively stabilize distinct reaction intermediates relative to each other, and opens up opportunities and approaches to develop higher-performance electrocatalysts for a wide range of reactions.
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Sustainable Hydrogen Production

TL;DR: Identifying and building a sustainable energy system are perhaps two of the most critical issues that today's society must address.
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Benchmarking Heterogeneous Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report a protocol for evaluating the activity, stability, and Faradaic efficiency of electrodeposited oxygen-evolving electrocatalysts for water oxidation.
Journal ArticleDOI

MoS2 Nanoparticles Grown on Graphene: An Advanced Catalyst for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

TL;DR: In this article, a selective solvothermal synthesis of MoS2 nanoparticles on reduced graphene oxide (RGO) sheets suspended in solution was developed, which exhibited superior electrocatalytic activity in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).
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