Recycling lithium-ion batteries from electric vehicles
Gavin Harper,Roberto Sommerville,Emma Kendrick,Laura Driscoll,Peter R. Slater,Rustam Stolkin,Allan Walton,Paul A. Christensen,Paul A. Christensen,Oliver Heidrich,Oliver Heidrich,Simon Lambert,Simon Lambert,Andrew P. Abbott,Andrew P. Abbott,Karl S. Ryder,Karl S. Ryder,Linda Gaines,Paul A. Anderson +18 more
TLDR
The current range of approaches to electric-vehicle lithium-ion battery recycling and re-use are outlined, areas for future progress are highlighted, and processes for dismantling and recycling lithium-ions from scrap electric vehicles are outlined.Abstract:
Rapid growth in the market for electric vehicles is imperative, to meet global targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, to improve air quality in urban centres and to meet the needs of consumers, with whom electric vehicles are increasingly popular. However, growing numbers of electric vehicles present a serious waste-management challenge for recyclers at end-of-life. Nevertheless, spent batteries may also present an opportunity as manufacturers require access to strategic elements and critical materials for key components in electric-vehicle manufacture: recycled lithium-ion batteries from electric vehicles could provide a valuable secondary source of materials. Here we outline and evaluate the current range of approaches to electric-vehicle lithium-ion battery recycling and re-use, and highlight areas for future progress. Processes for dismantling and recycling lithium-ion battery packs from scrap electric vehicles are outlined.read more
Citations
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A review of composite solid-state electrolytes for lithium batteries: fundamentals, key materials and advanced structures.
Yun Zheng,Yuze Yao,Jiahua Ou,Matthew Li,Matthew Li,Dan Luo,Haozhen Dou,Zhaoqiang Li,Khalil Amine,Aiping Yu,Zhongwei Chen +10 more
TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive overview of the recent developments in composite solid-state electrolytes (CSSEs) is presented, and four main types of advanced structures for CSSEs are classified and highlighted according to the recent progress.
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Xin Min,Xin Min,Jun Xiao,Minghao Fang,Wei Wang,Yajing Zhao,Yangai Liu,Amr M. Abdelkader,Kai Xi,Kai Xi,R. Vasant Kumar,Zhaohui Huang +11 more
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Pyrometallurgical options for recycling spent lithium-ion batteries: A comprehensive review
TL;DR: A comprehensive overview of the current status of pyrometallurgical options for recycling spent lithium-ion batteries can be found in this article, which summarizes the thermal pretreatment methods used to recover the active cathode material.
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Future material demand for automotive lithium-based batteries
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Lithium-ion batteries towards circular economy: A literature review of opportunities and issues of recycling treatments.
TL;DR: The current alternatives for the recycling of Lithium-ion batteries are analyzed, specifically focusing on available procedures for batteries securing and discharging, mechanical pre-treatments and materials recovery processes (i.e. pyro- and hydrometallurgical), and the pros and cons of treatments in terms of energy consumption, recovery efficiency and safety issues.
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