Open AccessBook
Reinforcement Learning: An Introduction
TLDR
This book provides a clear and simple account of the key ideas and algorithms of reinforcement learning, which ranges from the history of the field's intellectual foundations to the most recent developments and applications.Abstract:
Reinforcement learning, one of the most active research areas in artificial intelligence, is a computational approach to learning whereby an agent tries to maximize the total amount of reward it receives when interacting with a complex, uncertain environment. In Reinforcement Learning, Richard Sutton and Andrew Barto provide a clear and simple account of the key ideas and algorithms of reinforcement learning. Their discussion ranges from the history of the field's intellectual foundations to the most recent developments and applications. The only necessary mathematical background is familiarity with elementary concepts of probability. The book is divided into three parts. Part I defines the reinforcement learning problem in terms of Markov decision processes. Part II provides basic solution methods: dynamic programming, Monte Carlo methods, and temporal-difference learning. Part III presents a unified view of the solution methods and incorporates artificial neural networks, eligibility traces, and planning; the two final chapters present case studies and consider the future of reinforcement learning.read more
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Proceedings ArticleDOI
DRN: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Framework for News Recommendation
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The Development of Embodied Cognition: Six Lessons from Babies
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TL;DR: It is argued that starting as a baby grounded in a physical, social, and linguistic world is crucial to the development of the flexible and inventive intelligence that characterizes humankind.
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Natural actor-critic algorithms
TL;DR: Four new reinforcement learning algorithms based on actor-critic, natural-gradient and function-approximation ideas are presented, and their convergence proofs are provided, providing the first convergence proofs and the first fully incremental algorithms.
References
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Long short-term memory
TL;DR: A novel, efficient, gradient based method called long short-term memory (LSTM) is introduced, which can learn to bridge minimal time lags in excess of 1000 discrete-time steps by enforcing constant error flow through constant error carousels within special units.
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Gradient-based learning applied to document recognition
Yann LeCun,Léon Bottou,Léon Bottou,Yoshua Bengio,Yoshua Bengio,Yoshua Bengio,Patrick Haffner +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, a graph transformer network (GTN) is proposed for handwritten character recognition, which can be used to synthesize a complex decision surface that can classify high-dimensional patterns, such as handwritten characters.
Genetic algorithms in search, optimization and machine learning
TL;DR: This book brings together the computer techniques, mathematical tools, and research results that will enable both students and practitioners to apply genetic algorithms to problems in many fields.
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Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning
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