Open AccessBook
Reinforcement Learning: An Introduction
TLDR
This book provides a clear and simple account of the key ideas and algorithms of reinforcement learning, which ranges from the history of the field's intellectual foundations to the most recent developments and applications.Abstract:
Reinforcement learning, one of the most active research areas in artificial intelligence, is a computational approach to learning whereby an agent tries to maximize the total amount of reward it receives when interacting with a complex, uncertain environment. In Reinforcement Learning, Richard Sutton and Andrew Barto provide a clear and simple account of the key ideas and algorithms of reinforcement learning. Their discussion ranges from the history of the field's intellectual foundations to the most recent developments and applications. The only necessary mathematical background is familiarity with elementary concepts of probability. The book is divided into three parts. Part I defines the reinforcement learning problem in terms of Markov decision processes. Part II provides basic solution methods: dynamic programming, Monte Carlo methods, and temporal-difference learning. Part III presents a unified view of the solution methods and incorporates artificial neural networks, eligibility traces, and planning; the two final chapters present case studies and consider the future of reinforcement learning.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The neural basis of error detection: conflict monitoring and the error-related negativity.
TL;DR: It is concluded that the ERN can be explained in terms of response conflict and that monitoring for conflict may provide a simple mechanism for detecting errors.
Book
Actor-critic algorithms
TL;DR: This thesis proposes and studies actor-critic algorithms which combine the above two approaches with simulation to find the best policy among a parameterized class of policies, and proves convergence of the algorithms for problems with general state and decision spaces.
Journal ArticleDOI
Deep Reinforcement Learning: A Brief Survey
TL;DR: Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is poised to revolutionize the field of artificial intelligence (AI) and represents a step toward building autonomous systems with a higher-level understanding of the visual world as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Learning the value of information in an uncertain world
Timothy E.J. Behrens,Mark W. Woolrich,Mark E. Walton,Matthew F. S. Rushworth,Matthew F. S. Rushworth +4 more
TL;DR: It is shown that human subjects assess volatility in an optimal manner and adjust decision-making accordingly, and this optimal estimate of volatility is reflected in the fMRI signal in the anterior cingulate cortex when each trial outcome is observed.
Journal ArticleDOI
A brief survey of deep reinforcement learning
TL;DR: This survey will cover central algorithms in deep RL, including the deep Q-network (DQN), trust region policy optimization (TRPO), and asynchronous advantage actor critic, and highlight the unique advantages of deep neural networks, focusing on visual understanding via RL.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Long short-term memory
TL;DR: A novel, efficient, gradient based method called long short-term memory (LSTM) is introduced, which can learn to bridge minimal time lags in excess of 1000 discrete-time steps by enforcing constant error flow through constant error carousels within special units.
Book
Genetic algorithms in search, optimization, and machine learning
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the computer techniques, mathematical tools, and research results that will enable both students and practitioners to apply genetic algorithms to problems in many fields, including computer programming and mathematics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gradient-based learning applied to document recognition
Yann LeCun,Léon Bottou,Léon Bottou,Yoshua Bengio,Yoshua Bengio,Yoshua Bengio,Patrick Haffner +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, a graph transformer network (GTN) is proposed for handwritten character recognition, which can be used to synthesize a complex decision surface that can classify high-dimensional patterns, such as handwritten characters.
Genetic algorithms in search, optimization and machine learning
TL;DR: This book brings together the computer techniques, mathematical tools, and research results that will enable both students and practitioners to apply genetic algorithms to problems in many fields.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning
TL;DR: This book covers a broad range of topics for regular factorial designs and presents all of the material in very mathematical fashion and will surely become an invaluable resource for researchers and graduate students doing research in the design of factorial experiments.
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