Journal ArticleDOI
REVIEW ■ : Reorganization of Sensory Systems of Primates after Injury:
TLDR
The orderly representations of sensory surfaces in the brains of adult mammals have the capacity to reor ganize after injuries that deprive these representations of some of their normal sources of activation.Abstract:
The orderly representations of sensory surfaces in the brains of adult mammals have the capacity to reor ganize after injuries that deprive these representations of some of their normal sources of activation. Such reorganizations can be produced by injury that occurs peripherally, such as nerve damage or amputation, or after injury to the CNS, such as spinal cord damage or cortical lesion. These changes likely are mediated by a number of different mechanisms, and can be extensive and involve the growth of new connections. Finally, some types of reorganizations may help mediate the recovery of lost functions, whereas others may lead to sensory abnormalities and perceptual errors. NEUROSCIENTIST 3:123-130, 1997read more
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Critical periods of vulnerability for the developing nervous system: evidence from humans and animal models.
Deborah C. Rice,Stan Barone +1 more
TL;DR: Of critical concern is the possibility that developmental exposure to neurotoxicants may result in an acceleration of age-related decline in function, and the fact that developmental neurotoxicity that results in small effects can have a profound societal impact when amortized across the entire population and across the life span of humans.
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Treatment-Induced Cortical Reorganization After Stroke in Humans
TL;DR: This is the first demonstration in humans of a long-term alteration in brain function associated with a therapy-induced improvement in the rehabilitation of movement after neurological injury.
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Forebrain mechanisms of nociception and pain: analysis through imaging.
TL;DR: An animal model for investigating stimulus-induced rCBF responses in the rat is developed and it is shown that there is a progressive and selective activation of somatosensory and limbic system structures in the brain and brainstem following the subcutaneous injection of formalin.
Journal Article
Extensive reorganization of the somatosensory cortex in adult humans after nervous system injury
Thomas Elbert,Herta Flor,Niels Birbaumer,Stefan Knecht,S. Hampson,Wolfgang Larbig,Edward Taub +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, magnetic source imaging revealed that the topographic representation in the somatosensory cortex of upper extremity amputees was shifted an average of 1.5 cm toward the area that would normally receive input from the now absent nerves supplying the hand and fingers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Peripherally induced oromandibular dystonia
TL;DR: The study indicates that oromandibular-facial trauma, including dental procedures, may precipitate the onset of OMD, especially in predisposed people, and prompt recognition and treatment may prevent further complications.
References
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PROGRESSION OF CHANGE FOLLOWING MEDIAN NERVE SECTION IN THE CORTICAL REPRESENTATION OF THE HAND IN AREAS 3b AND 1 IN ADULT OWL AND SQUIRREL MONKEYS
TL;DR: The results of studies directed toward determining the time course and likely mechanisms underlying this remarkable plasticity of the cortex representing the skin of the median nerve within parietal somatosensory fields 3b and 1 are described.
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Reorganization of retinotopic cortical maps in adult mammals after lesions of the retina
TL;DR: The organization of the visual cortex has been considered to be highly stable in adult mammals, however, 5 degrees to 10 degrees lesions of the retina in the contralateral eye markedly altered the systematic representations in primary and secondary visual cortex when matched inputs from the ipsilateral eye were removed.
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Phantom limbs and the concept of a neuromatrix
TL;DR: A substantial number of children who are born without a limb feel a phantom of the missing part, suggesting that the neural network, or 'neuromatrix', that subserves body sensation has a genetically determined substrate that is modified by sensory experience.
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Oligodendrocytes and CNS myelin are nonpermissive substrates for neurite growth and fibroblast spreading in vitro
Martin E. Schwab,Pica Caroni +1 more
TL;DR: This paper showed that differentiated oligodendrocytes (O4+, A2B5+, GalC+) represented a nonpermissive substrate for neuronal adhesion and neurite growth.
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