Right Ventricular Function in Cardiovascular Disease, Part I Anatomy, Physiology, Aging, and Functional Assessment of the Right Ventricle
TLDR
The goal of the present review is to offer a clinical perspective on RV structure and function, using echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging to create new opportunities for the study of RV anatomy and physiology.Abstract:
In 1616, Sir William Harvey was the first to describe the importance of right ventricular (RV) function in his seminal treatise, De Motu Cordis : “Thus the right ventricle may be said to be made for the sake of transmitting blood through the lungs, not for nourishing them.”1,2 For many years that followed, emphasis in cardiology was placed on left ventricular (LV) physiology, overshadowing the study of the RV. In the first half of the 20th century, the study of RV function was limited to a small group of investigators who were intrigued by the hypothesis that human circulation could function adequately without RV contractile function.3 Their studies, however, were based on an open pericardial dog model, which failed to take into account the complex nature of ventricular interaction. In the early 1950s through the 1970s, cardiac surgeons recognized the importance of right-sided function as they evaluated procedures to palliate right-heart hypoplasia. Since then, the importance of RV function has been recognized in heart failure, RV myocardial infarction, congenital heart disease and pulmonary hypertension. More recently, advances in echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging have created new opportunities for the study of RV anatomy and physiology.
The goal of the present review is to offer a clinical perspective on RV structure and function. In the first part, we discuss the anatomy, physiology, aging, and assessment of the RV. In the second part, we discuss the pathophysiology, clinical importance, and management of RV failure.
### Macroscopic Anatomy of the RV
In the normal heart, the RV is the most anteriorly situated cardiac chamber and lies immediately behind the sternum. In the absence of transposition of great arteries, the RV is delimited by the annulus of the tricuspid valve and by the pulmonary valve. As suggested by Goor and Lillehi,4 the RV can be described in …read more
Citations
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Leave me alone: the right ventricle in anterior myocardial infarction.
TL;DR: The RV has, for the most part, remained the ‘forgotten chamber'—in need of ‘wake-up calls’ to pay greater attention to its involvement in MI, and Bodi et al. 11 respond to this call in a translational manner.
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Effective extraction of ventricles and myocardium objects from cardiac magnetic resonance images with a multi-task learning U-Net
Shashi Verma,Soufyane Frimousse +1 more
TL;DR: In this article , an automatic end-to-end supervised deep learning framework is proposed, using a multi-task learning based U-Net (MTL-UNet), which introduces an edge extraction module and a fusion-based module for effectively capturing the contextual information such as continuous edges and consistent spatial patterns in terms of intensity and texture features.
Journal ArticleDOI
The simple right ventricle contraction pressure index: A novel method for echocardiographic assessment of right ventricle dysfunction in acute pulmonary embolism.
TL;DR: The aim was to investigate the association between the sRVCPI, the pulmonary embolism severity index (PESI), and mortality rate in acute pulmonary emblism (APE).
Journal ArticleDOI
Phenotypic Patterns of Right Ventricular Dysfunction: Analysis by Cardiac Magnetic Imaging
Ignacio Sánchez-Lázaro,Luis Almenar Bonet,Begoña Igual Muñoz,Joaquín Rueda-Soriano,Luis Martínez-Dolz,Esther Zorio-Grima,Miguel Ángel Arnau-Vives,Antonio Salvador-Sanz +7 more
TL;DR: The morphological changes and remodeling of the right ventricle (RV) that occur in different clinical situations and that have an impact on RV function are classified to help understand the RV pathophysiology.
Book ChapterDOI
Molecular Basis of Right Ventricular Hypertrophy and Failure in Pulmonary Vascular Disease
TL;DR: This chapter summarizes current understanding of cell growth signaling mechanisms in the right ventricle and indicates that the development of therapeutic strategies specific for the right heart is needed.
References
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