Journal ArticleDOI
Separating root and soil microbial contributions to soil respiration: A review of methods and observations
TLDR
In this article, three primary methods have been used to distinguish hetero- versus autotrophic soil respiration including integration of components contributing to in situ forest soil CO2 efflux (i.e., litter, roots, soil), comparison of soils with and without root exclusion, and application of stable or radioactive isotope methods.Abstract:
Forest soil respiration is the sum of heterotrophic (microbes, soil fauna) and auto- trophic (root) respiration. The contribution of each group needs to be understood to evaluate implications of environmental change on soil carbon cycling and sequestration. Three primary methods have been used to distinguish hetero- versus autotrophic soil respiration including: integration of components contributing to in situ forest soil CO2 efflux (i.e., litter, roots, soil), comparison of soils with and without root exclusion, and application of stable or radioactive isotope methods. Each approach has advantages and disadvantages, but isotope based methods provide quantitative answers with the least amount of disturbance to the soil and roots. Pub- lished data from all methods indicate that root/rhizosphere respiration can account for as little as 10 percent to greater than 90 percent of total in situ soil respiration depending on vegetation type and season of the year. Studies which have integrated percent root contribution to total soil respiration throughout an entire year or growing season show mean values of 45.8 and 60.4 percent for forest and nonforest vegetation, respectively. Such average annual values must be extrapolated with caution, however, because the root contribution to total soil respiration is commonly higher during the growing season and lower during the dormant periods of the year. Abbreviations: TScer -t otal soil CO 2 efflux rate; f - fractional root contribution to TS cer; RC - root contribution to TScerread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Development of an automatic chamber system for long-term measurements of CO 2 flux from roots
Masako Dannoura,Yuji Kominami,Koji Tamai,Mayuko Jomura,Takafumi Miyama,Yoshiaki Goto,Yoichi Kanazawa +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed a system to measure CO 2 efflux from roots (R r ) and soil ( R s ) continuously in a temperate forest in Japan and found that R r showed clear seasonal variation as a function of soil temperature.
Journal ArticleDOI
CO2 absorption of sandy soil induced by rainfall pulses in a desert ecosystem
TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper investigated the response of sandy soil CO2 flux to rainfall pulses in a desert ecosystem in northern China during August-September 2011, and showed that rainfall could result in absorption of atmospheric CO2 by soil, possibly owing to mass flow of CO2 induced by a gradient of gas pressure between atmosphere and soil.
Journal ArticleDOI
Carbon budgets in fertile silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) chronosequence stands
TL;DR: Estimated NEP values were the lowest in the middle-aged stand and the highest in the oldest stand, indicating non-linear relationship between stand NEP and stand age.
Journal ArticleDOI
Process-based soil gas leakage assessment at the Kerr Farm: Comparison of results to leakage proxies at ZERT and Mt. Etna
Katherine D. Romanak,Brad D. Wolaver,Changbing Yang,George William Sherk,Janis E. Dale,Laura M. Dobeck,Lee H. Spangler +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a process-based soil gas assessment was conducted at the Kerr farm near the IEAGHG Weyburn-Midale CO 2 Monitoring and Storage Project in Saskatchewan, Canada in 2011.
Journal ArticleDOI
Does soil CO2 efflux acclimatize to elevated temperature and CO2 during long-term treatment of Douglas-fir seedlings?
TL;DR: Elevated CO2 treatment increased the temperature sensitivity of SCE, probably through an increase in substrate availability, and elevated temperature would stimulate SCE with the stimulation being greater at higher temperatures.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The global carbon dioxide flux in soil respiration and its relationship to vegetation and climate
TL;DR: In this article, measured rates of soil respiration from terrestrial and wetland ecosystems were used to define the annual global CO 2 flux from soils, to identify uncertainties in the global flux estimate, and to investigate the influences of temperature, precipitation, and vegetation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Carbon Isotopes in PhotosynthesisFractionation techniques may reveal new aspects of carbon dynamics in plants
TL;DR: The fractionation of carbon isotopes that occurs during photosynthesis is one of the most useful techniques for investigating the efficiency of CO2 uptake and indicates that different strategies are needed for improving wateruse efficiency in different kinds of plants.
Journal ArticleDOI
Soil respiration and the global carbon cycle
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide a brief review for policymakers who are concerned that changes in soil respiration may contribute to the rise in CO2 in Earth's atmosphere, while simultaneously leaving a greater store of carbon in the soil.
Journal ArticleDOI
Model estimates of CO2 emissions from soil in response to global warming
TL;DR: In this article, the Rothamsted model is used to calculate the amount of CO2 that would be released from the world stock of soil organic matter if temperatures increase as predicted, the annual return of plant debris to the soil being held constant.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plant decomposition and soil respiration in terrestrial ecosystems
J. S. Singh,S. R. Gupta +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a review deals with methodological approaches, measured rates, and environmental control of two major interdependent processes regulating the structure and function of terrestrial ecosystems, viz., plant decomposition and soil respiration.