Journal ArticleDOI
Separating root and soil microbial contributions to soil respiration: A review of methods and observations
TLDR
In this article, three primary methods have been used to distinguish hetero- versus autotrophic soil respiration including integration of components contributing to in situ forest soil CO2 efflux (i.e., litter, roots, soil), comparison of soils with and without root exclusion, and application of stable or radioactive isotope methods.Abstract:
Forest soil respiration is the sum of heterotrophic (microbes, soil fauna) and auto- trophic (root) respiration. The contribution of each group needs to be understood to evaluate implications of environmental change on soil carbon cycling and sequestration. Three primary methods have been used to distinguish hetero- versus autotrophic soil respiration including: integration of components contributing to in situ forest soil CO2 efflux (i.e., litter, roots, soil), comparison of soils with and without root exclusion, and application of stable or radioactive isotope methods. Each approach has advantages and disadvantages, but isotope based methods provide quantitative answers with the least amount of disturbance to the soil and roots. Pub- lished data from all methods indicate that root/rhizosphere respiration can account for as little as 10 percent to greater than 90 percent of total in situ soil respiration depending on vegetation type and season of the year. Studies which have integrated percent root contribution to total soil respiration throughout an entire year or growing season show mean values of 45.8 and 60.4 percent for forest and nonforest vegetation, respectively. Such average annual values must be extrapolated with caution, however, because the root contribution to total soil respiration is commonly higher during the growing season and lower during the dormant periods of the year. Abbreviations: TScer -t otal soil CO 2 efflux rate; f - fractional root contribution to TS cer; RC - root contribution to TScerread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Modeling to discern nitrogen fertilization impacts on carbon sequestration in a Pacific Northwest Douglas‐fir forest in the first‐postfertilization year
Baozhang Chen,Baozhang Chen,Nicholas C. Coops,T. Andy Black,Rachhpal S. Jassal,Jing M. Chen,Mark S. Johnson +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated how nitrogen (N) fertilization with 200 kg N ha 1 of urea affected ecosystem carbon sequestration in the first-postfertilization year in a Pacific Northwest Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) stand on the basis of multi-year eddy-covariance (EC) and soil-chamber measurements before and after fertilization in combination with ecosystem modeling.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of wildfires on soil respiration in three typical Mediterranean forest ecosystems in Madrid, Spain
C. Uribe,Rosa Inclán,D. M. Sánchez,M. A. Clavero,A. M. Fernández,R. Morante,A. Cardeña,A. Blanco,H. Van Miegroet +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the long-term effects of wildfires on the physical, chemical and biological soil characteristics, which in turn affected soil respiration, soil temperature, soil moisture, fine root mass, microbial biomass, biological and chemical soil parameters were compared between non-burned (NB) and burned sites (B).
Journal ArticleDOI
Carbon-isotopic composition of soil-respired carbon dioxide in static closed chambers at equilibrium
Germán Mora,James W. Raich +1 more
TL;DR: A good match between model predictions and results suggests that an accurate determination of delta13C values of CO2 produced within soils is obtained through the isotopic measurement of chamber-headspace CO2 once equilibrium conditions have been reached with the underlying soils.
Journal ArticleDOI
Experimental assessment of the contribution of plant root respiration to the emission of carbon dioxide from the soil
TL;DR: The contribution of root and microbial respiration to the total emission of CO 2 from the surface of gray forest and soddypodzolic soils were compared under laboratory and field conditions for the purpose of optimizing the field version of the substrate-induced respiration method.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of seasonal precipitation change on soil respiration processes in a seasonally dry tropical forest.
Shiqin Yu,Qifeng Mo,Yuanqi Chen,Yingwen Li,Yongxing Li,Bi Zou,Hanping Xia,Wang Jun,Zhian Li,Faming Wang +9 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that both a delayed wet season and a wetter wet season will have significant impacts on soil respiration‐associated ecosystem components, however, the ecosystem components can respond in different directions to the same change in precipitation, which ultimately affected soilrespiration.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The global carbon dioxide flux in soil respiration and its relationship to vegetation and climate
TL;DR: In this article, measured rates of soil respiration from terrestrial and wetland ecosystems were used to define the annual global CO 2 flux from soils, to identify uncertainties in the global flux estimate, and to investigate the influences of temperature, precipitation, and vegetation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Carbon Isotopes in PhotosynthesisFractionation techniques may reveal new aspects of carbon dynamics in plants
TL;DR: The fractionation of carbon isotopes that occurs during photosynthesis is one of the most useful techniques for investigating the efficiency of CO2 uptake and indicates that different strategies are needed for improving wateruse efficiency in different kinds of plants.
Journal ArticleDOI
Soil respiration and the global carbon cycle
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide a brief review for policymakers who are concerned that changes in soil respiration may contribute to the rise in CO2 in Earth's atmosphere, while simultaneously leaving a greater store of carbon in the soil.
Journal ArticleDOI
Model estimates of CO2 emissions from soil in response to global warming
TL;DR: In this article, the Rothamsted model is used to calculate the amount of CO2 that would be released from the world stock of soil organic matter if temperatures increase as predicted, the annual return of plant debris to the soil being held constant.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plant decomposition and soil respiration in terrestrial ecosystems
J. S. Singh,S. R. Gupta +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a review deals with methodological approaches, measured rates, and environmental control of two major interdependent processes regulating the structure and function of terrestrial ecosystems, viz., plant decomposition and soil respiration.